{
  "baseline_yield_sources": [
    {
      "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)",
      "crops": "principal field crops (Alberta provincial)",
      "data_type": "observed_average_yield",
      "geographic_scope": "CA",
      "input_intensity": "unspecified",
      "notes": "Same table family as average farm price. Not a trial control. Irrigation vs dryland not distinguished.",
      "production_system": "unspecified",
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01 provincial series",
      "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield",
      "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "status": "ingested",
      "table_or_api": "32-10-0359-01",
      "transferability_to_target": "direct",
      "yield_representativeness": "regional_average"
    },
    {
      "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)",
      "crops": "principal field crops (Alberta Small Area Data regions)",
      "data_type": "observed_average_yield",
      "geographic_scope": "CA",
      "input_intensity": "unspecified",
      "notes": "Sub-provincial; series starts 1976 (covers historical CAR-era years). Irrigation vs dryland not distinguished.",
      "production_system": "unspecified",
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "region_country_detail": "Alberta Small Area Data regions, Statistics Canada 32-10-0002-01",
      "source_id": "statscan_32100002_yield",
      "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0002-01: estimated areas, yield, production of principal field crops, Small Area Data. Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "status": "ingested",
      "table_or_api": "32-10-0002-01",
      "transferability_to_target": "direct",
      "yield_representativeness": "regional_average"
    },
    {
      "climate_zone": "unspecified",
      "crops": "commodity and specialty crops with a NASS YIELD series",
      "data_type": "observed_average_yield",
      "geographic_scope": "US",
      "input_intensity": "unspecified",
      "notes": "Same API as PRICE RECEIVED. Crop Production PDFs are this series, not a second ingest.",
      "production_system": "unspecified",
      "publisher": "USDA NASS",
      "region_country_detail": "United States, NASS national annual YIELD",
      "source_id": "nass_yield_national",
      "source_stated_context": "USDA NASS QuickStats statisticcat_desc=YIELD, national annual. Irrigation is recorded only when util_practice_desc states irrigated or non-irrigated.",
      "source_tier": "A",
      "status": "wired_awaiting_key",
      "table_or_api": "QuickStats statisticcat_desc=YIELD",
      "transferability_to_target": "direct",
      "yield_representativeness": "national_average"
    },
    {
      "climate_zone": "unspecified",
      "crops": "banana, papaya, pineapple, date",
      "data_type": "observed_average_yield",
      "geographic_scope": "non_US",
      "input_intensity": "unspecified",
      "notes": "Producing-country national average. Pair with international trial yield_elements; do not treat as US/CA farm yield. Item 489 plantains excluded. input_intensity unspecified: QCL methodology does not classify commercial vs smallholder.",
      "production_system": "unspecified",
      "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT",
      "region_country_detail": "unspecified",
      "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield",
      "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "status": "ingested",
      "table_or_api": "QCL Yield (item 486/600/574/577)",
      "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment",
      "yield_representativeness": "national_average"
    },
    {
      "climate_zone": "tropical",
      "crops": "banana",
      "data_type": "observed_average_yield",
      "geographic_scope": "non_US",
      "input_intensity": "unspecified",
      "notes": "Illustrative national average: India 2024, 39.658 t/ha, flag A. Not an outdoor Canada/US expectation.",
      "production_system": "unspecified",
      "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT",
      "region_country_detail": "India, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024",
      "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield__banana",
      "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "status": "ingested",
      "table_or_api": "QCL Yield item 486",
      "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment",
      "yield_representativeness": "national_average"
    },
    {
      "climate_zone": "tropical",
      "crops": "pineapple",
      "data_type": "observed_average_yield",
      "geographic_scope": "non_US",
      "input_intensity": "unspecified",
      "notes": "Illustrative national average: Costa Rica 2024, 58.832 t/ha, flag A. Not copied from banana.",
      "production_system": "unspecified",
      "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT",
      "region_country_detail": "Costa Rica, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024 (largest 2024 producer in this ingest)",
      "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield__pineapple",
      "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "status": "ingested",
      "table_or_api": "QCL Yield item 574",
      "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment",
      "yield_representativeness": "national_average"
    },
    {
      "climate_zone": "tropical",
      "crops": "papaya",
      "data_type": "observed_average_yield",
      "geographic_scope": "non_US",
      "input_intensity": "unspecified",
      "notes": "Illustrative national average: India 2024, 35.523 t/ha, flag A. Same country as banana, different crop yield.",
      "production_system": "unspecified",
      "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT",
      "region_country_detail": "India, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024 (largest 2024 producer in this ingest)",
      "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield__papaya",
      "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "status": "ingested",
      "table_or_api": "QCL Yield item 600",
      "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment",
      "yield_representativeness": "national_average"
    },
    {
      "climate_zone": "arid",
      "crops": "date",
      "data_type": "observed_average_yield",
      "geographic_scope": "non_US",
      "input_intensity": "unspecified",
      "notes": "Illustrative national average: Saudi Arabia 2024, 7.482 t/ha, yield flag E / production flag I. Arid, not tropical.",
      "production_system": "unspecified",
      "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT",
      "region_country_detail": "Saudi Arabia, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024 (largest 2024 producer in this ingest; yield flag E, production flag I)",
      "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield__date",
      "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "status": "ingested",
      "table_or_api": "QCL Yield item 577",
      "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment",
      "yield_representativeness": "national_average"
    },
    {
      "climate_zone": "subtropical",
      "crops": "macadamia",
      "data_type": "observed_average_yield",
      "geographic_scope": "non_US",
      "input_intensity": "research_station",
      "notes": "FAOSTAT has no Macadamia item. Item 234 Other nuts (excluding wild edible nuts and groundnuts); in shell; n.e.c. is not ingested as macadamia. Growing conditions below are the Queensland trial in yield_elements, not a national average.",
      "production_system": "open_field",
      "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT",
      "region_country_detail": "Southeast Queensland, Australia, 6-year replicated field trial (Stephenson et al.)",
      "source_id": "faostat_qcl_macadamia",
      "source_stated_context": "SE Queensland DPI/CSIRO; 6-year replicated field trial; N 230/690/1150 g/tree/year across split timings",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "status": "no_item_code",
      "table_or_api": "QCL (no macadamia item)",
      "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment",
      "yield_representativeness": "single_farm_or_trial"
    }
  ],
  "caveat": "Observed average farm yield from official surveys. Not a trial-plot treatment contrast. Do not extract a farm baseline from yield_elements control-group values. FAOSTAT rows are producing-country national averages (geographic_scope=non_US, tier B), not US/CA farm yield. transferability_to_target != direct is an illustrative/reference figure, not an outdoor Canada/US expectation.",
  "data_type": "observed_average_yield",
  "distinct_from": "yield_elements",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-19T21:09:10.612452+00:00",
  "growing_conditions_defaults": {
    "climate_zone": "unspecified",
    "input_intensity": "unspecified",
    "production_system": "unspecified",
    "region_country_detail": "unspecified",
    "source_stated_context": "unspecified",
    "transferability_to_target": "unspecified",
    "yield_representativeness": "unspecified"
  },
  "illustrative_baselines": [
    {
      "basis_note": "Illustrative / reference figure based on international production conditions; requires a controlled environment to approach on Prairie or continental-US outdoor land. India, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024. climate_zone=tropical; production_system=unspecified.",
      "climate_zone": "tropical",
      "crop_id": "banana",
      "faostat_flag": "A",
      "geographic_scope": "non_US",
      "input_intensity": "unspecified",
      "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare",
      "normalized_value": 39.658,
      "production_system": "unspecified",
      "region": "India",
      "region_country_detail": "India, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024",
      "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield",
      "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment",
      "year": "2024",
      "yield_representativeness": "national_average"
    },
    {
      "basis_note": "Illustrative / reference figure based on international production conditions; requires a controlled environment to approach on Prairie or continental-US outdoor land. Costa Rica, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024 (largest 2024 producer in this ingest). climate_zone=tropical; production_system=unspecified.",
      "climate_zone": "tropical",
      "crop_id": "pineapple",
      "faostat_flag": "A",
      "geographic_scope": "non_US",
      "input_intensity": "unspecified",
      "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare",
      "normalized_value": 58.832,
      "production_system": "unspecified",
      "region": "Costa Rica",
      "region_country_detail": "Costa Rica, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024 (largest 2024 producer in this ingest)",
      "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield",
      "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment",
      "year": "2024",
      "yield_representativeness": "national_average"
    },
    {
      "basis_note": "Illustrative / reference figure based on international production conditions; requires a controlled environment to approach on Prairie or continental-US outdoor land. India, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024 (largest 2024 producer in this ingest). climate_zone=tropical; production_system=unspecified.",
      "climate_zone": "tropical",
      "crop_id": "papaya",
      "faostat_flag": "A",
      "geographic_scope": "non_US",
      "input_intensity": "unspecified",
      "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare",
      "normalized_value": 35.523,
      "production_system": "unspecified",
      "region": "India",
      "region_country_detail": "India, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024 (largest 2024 producer in this ingest)",
      "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield",
      "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment",
      "year": "2024",
      "yield_representativeness": "national_average"
    },
    {
      "basis_note": "Illustrative / reference figure based on international production conditions; requires a controlled environment to approach on Prairie or continental-US outdoor land. Saudi Arabia, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024 (largest 2024 producer in this ingest; yield flag E, production flag I). climate_zone=arid; production_system=unspecified.",
      "climate_zone": "arid",
      "crop_id": "date",
      "faostat_flag": "E",
      "geographic_scope": "non_US",
      "input_intensity": "unspecified",
      "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare",
      "normalized_value": 7.482,
      "production_system": "unspecified",
      "region": "Saudi Arabia",
      "region_country_detail": "Saudi Arabia, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024 (largest 2024 producer in this ingest; yield flag E, production flag I)",
      "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield",
      "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment",
      "year": "2024",
      "yield_representativeness": "national_average"
    },
    {
      "basis_note": "Illustrative / reference figure based on international production conditions; requires a controlled environment to approach on Prairie or continental-US outdoor land. Southeast Queensland, Australia, 6-year replicated field trial (Stephenson et al.). climate_zone=subtropical; production_system=open_field.",
      "climate_zone": "subtropical",
      "crop_id": "macadamia",
      "faostat_flag": null,
      "geographic_scope": "non_US",
      "input_intensity": "research_station",
      "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare",
      "normalized_value": null,
      "notes": "No FAOSTAT Macadamia item. Paired yield_elements row is the Queensland N trial, not a national average.",
      "production_system": "open_field",
      "region": "Southeast Queensland",
      "region_country_detail": "Southeast Queensland, Australia, 6-year replicated field trial (Stephenson et al.)",
      "source_id": "faostat_qcl_macadamia",
      "source_stated_context": "SE Queensland DPI/CSIRO; 6-year replicated field trial; N 230/690/1150 g/tree/year across split timings",
      "source_tier": "B",
      "status": "no_item_code",
      "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment",
      "year": "2000",
      "yield_representativeness": "single_farm_or_trial"
    }
  ],
  "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare",
  "source_tiers": {
    "faostat": "B",
    "nass": "A",
    "statcan": "A"
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "doc_file": "32100359.zip",
      "geographic_scope": "CA",
      "observations": 2409,
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "quarantined": 0,
      "raw_sha256": "a1ad9061b1472e686e0084b91049ec88d4c573cd61538d2445d7df47c95997ca",
      "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield",
      "source_tier": "A"
    },
    {
      "doc_file": "32100002.zip",
      "geographic_scope": "CA",
      "observations": 5100,
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "quarantined": 0,
      "raw_sha256": "948da55fc0553e6d86bc8b86e9d1d573ea1e44c332aa78613105d7b94942dd62",
      "source_id": "statscan_32100002_yield",
      "source_tier": "A"
    },
    {
      "doc_file": "faostat_qcl_normalized.zip",
      "geographic_scope": "non_US",
      "observations": 3421,
      "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT",
      "quarantined": 0,
      "raw_sha256": "c5835418c18f9322e7decbd6800f93a216eaae3cdfa31acb08f0518c0c6d6853",
      "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield",
      "source_tier": "B"
    },
    {
      "doc_file": "literature_yield_citations (embedded in yield_obs.py)",
      "geographic_scope": "non_US",
      "observations": 15,
      "publisher": "University of Vermont Extension (Vern Grubinger)",
      "quarantined": 0,
      "raw_sha256": "7701be34fd6acdc89be68f7636e512b62c0e383aa0dd4e39e5626c1e59b4b690",
      "source_id": "literature_yield_reference",
      "source_tier": "C"
    }
  ],
  "totals": {
    "observations": 10945,
    "quarantined": 0,
    "sources_parsed": 4
  },
  "transferability_counts": {
    "direct": 7510,
    "not_transferable_climate_mismatch": 0,
    "requires_controlled_environment": 3435,
    "unspecified": 0
  }
}