[
  {
    "factor_id": "hemp-n-application-rate",
    "crop_id": "hemp",
    "factor": "Nitrogen fertilization rate (100-150 kg N/ha)",
    "factor_category": "Nutrients",
    "direction": "positive",
    "effect_type": "yield_gain",
    "effect_size": 25.0,
    "effect_unit": "%",
    "ci_lower": 17.5,
    "ci_upper": 32.5,
    "conditions": "Optimal nitrogen rate (100-150 kg N/ha) on well-drained loam to clay-loam soils with adequate spring moisture.",
    "study_count": 22,
    "evidence_type": "field_trial",
    "evidence_strength": "High",
    "prairie_relevance": "high",
    "source_title": "Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) grain and fiber response to nitrogen fertilization in Western Canada",
    "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2012-138",
    "notes": "Hemp is a heavy nutrient feeder; responsive to balanced N, P (40-60 kg P2O5/ha), and K (60-80 kg K2O/ha).",
    "potential_yield_effect": 25.0
  },
  {
    "factor_id": "hemp-biostimulant-mycorrhizae-trichoderma",
    "crop_id": "hemp",
    "factor": "Biostimulants: Mycorrhizae & Trichoderma inoculants",
    "factor_category": "Biostimulants",
    "direction": "positive",
    "effect_type": "yield_gain",
    "effect_size": 12.4,
    "effect_unit": "%",
    "ci_lower": 7.0,
    "ci_upper": 18.0,
    "conditions": "Seed treatment or in-furrow biological inoculation at planting into cool soils.",
    "study_count": 14,
    "evidence_type": "field_trial",
    "evidence_strength": "Moderate",
    "prairie_relevance": "moderate",
    "source_title": "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma bio-inoculants enhance cannabinoid and biomass accumulation in Cannabis sativa",
    "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.114132",
    "notes": "Improves early root vigor, terpene/cannabinoid synthesis, and systemic defense against Fusarium wilt.",
    "potential_yield_effect": 12.4
  },
  {
    "factor_id": "hemp-seeding-depth-temp",
    "crop_id": "hemp",
    "factor": "Seeding depth (1.0-2.0 cm) and soil temperature (>10°C)",
    "factor_category": "Crop establishment",
    "direction": "positive",
    "effect_type": "yield_gain",
    "effect_size": 18.2,
    "effect_unit": "%",
    "ci_lower": 11.5,
    "ci_upper": 25.0,
    "conditions": "Seeding into warm soils (>10-12°C) at shallow depth (1.0-2.0 cm) with good seed-to-soil contact.",
    "study_count": 18,
    "evidence_type": "field_trial",
    "evidence_strength": "High",
    "prairie_relevance": "high",
    "source_title": "Effects of seeding date, depth and soil temperature on industrial hemp emergence and stand uniformity",
    "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.08.083",
    "notes": "Hemp seedlings are vulnerable to soil crusting and damping-off when seeded too deep into cold, wet seedbeds.",
    "potential_yield_effect": 18.2
  },
  {
    "factor_id": "hemp-plant-density-grain-vs-fibre",
    "crop_id": "hemp",
    "factor": "Plant population target (grain: 100-150 pl/m2; fiber: 250-300 pl/m2)",
    "factor_category": "Crop establishment",
    "direction": "positive",
    "effect_type": "yield_gain",
    "effect_size": 16.0,
    "effect_unit": "%",
    "ci_lower": 10.0,
    "ci_upper": 22.0,
    "conditions": "Calibrating plant density for end-use: 100-150 plants/m2 for grain branching; 250-300 plants/m2 for fine bast fiber stalk production.",
    "study_count": 20,
    "evidence_type": "field_trial",
    "evidence_strength": "High",
    "prairie_relevance": "high",
    "source_title": "Stand density and row spacing effects on grain and fiber production of industrial hemp cultivars",
    "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2017.05.0298",
    "notes": "Proper density prevents excessive stalk diameter (>15 mm) in fiber crops and maximizes seed head inflorescence in grain crops.",
    "potential_yield_effect": 16.0
  },
  {
    "factor_id": "hemp-salinity-waterlogging",
    "crop_id": "hemp",
    "factor": "Soil salinity and poor drainage waterlogging",
    "factor_category": "Stress",
    "direction": "negative",
    "effect_type": "yield_loss",
    "effect_size": -36.0,
    "effect_unit": "%",
    "ci_lower": -48.0,
    "ci_upper": -24.0,
    "conditions": "Electrical conductivity >2.5 dS/m or saturated standing water >36 hours during early vegetative growth.",
    "study_count": 16,
    "evidence_type": "review",
    "evidence_strength": "High",
    "prairie_relevance": "high",
    "source_title": "Abiotic stress responses in industrial hemp: Salt sensitivity and flooding vulnerability",
    "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112845",
    "notes": "Hemp is highly sensitive to saline soils and compaction-induced waterlogging, resulting in severe stunting and chlorosis.",
    "potential_yield_effect": -36.0
  },
  {
    "factor_id": "hemp-organic-grain-hearts-premium",
    "crop_id": "hemp",
    "factor": "Certification & Profitability: Certified Organic food-grade hemp grain premium",
    "factor_category": "Economics & Certification",
    "direction": "positive",
    "effect_type": "price_premium",
    "effect_size": 85.0,
    "effect_unit": "% premium",
    "ci_lower": 60.0,
    "ci_upper": 110.0,
    "conditions": "Certified organic industrial hemp grain commands $1.50–$2.20/lb ($0.68–$1.00/kg) compared to $0.80–$1.15/lb conventional baseline (+60% to +110% premium) delivered to Canadian hemp processors (e.g. Manitoba Harvest, Fresh Hemp Foods).",
    "study_count": 12,
    "evidence_type": "economic_benchmark",
    "evidence_strength": "High",
    "prairie_relevance": "high",
    "source_title": "Canadian Hemp Trade Alliance (CHTA) Production & Cost Benchmarks",
    "source_url": "https://www.hemptrade.ca/",
    "notes": "Organic hemp requires intensive early weed management or dense seeding into clean legume sod. Yield discounts average 20-30%, yielding +40% to +80% higher net margins per acre.",
    "potential_yield_effect": -25.0
  }
]