{ "generated_at": "2026-09-19T21:39:41.208517+00:00", "area_default": { "value": 1, "unit": "acre" }, "normalized_revenue_unit": "CAD per selected area", "processing_pathways": [], "processing_status": "value_added_pathways not ingested", "rules": { "one_intervention_per_variable_group": true, "cross_group_independence_penalty": "one_tier_below_min_intervention", "overall_confidence": "min of every touched tier", "missing_input": "computable=false, gap named, no silent estimate" }, "crops": { "almond": { "crop_id": "almond", "crop_name": "Almond", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 1.7419, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Almonds, in shell", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "almond-honeybee-independence-saez-2020", "native_crop_id": "almond", "element_type": "pollination_management", "element_name": "Honey bee access vs whole-tree mesh isolation on self-fertile Independence", "claimed_effect": "authors: final fruit set ~60% higher with bees (0.30 and 0.33 fruits/flower open and mesh-control vs 0.19 isolated); kernel yield ~20% higher (5.53 \u00b1 0.39 kg/tree open and 5.31 \u00b1 0.33 mesh-control vs 4.49 \u00b1 0.18 isolated). Oleic:linoleic ratio unchanged.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59995-0", "source_citation": "S\u00e1ez, A., Aizen, M.A., Medici, S., Viel, M., Villalobos, E. & Negri, P. 2020. Bees increase crop yield in an alleged pollinator-independent almond variety. Scientific Reports 10:3177.", "intervention_variable_group": "almond:pollination_management", "relative_yield_effect": 0.6, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 60.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Prunus dulcis cv. Independence; Kings County, California 2018; 30 young trees; 10 per treatment; 5 colonies/ha; orchard 50/50 Nonpareil\u2013Independence" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "apple": { "crop_id": "apple", "crop_name": "Apple", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 10.3418, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Apples", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "apple-insect-pollination-vs-exclusion-olhnuud-2022", "native_crop_id": "apple", "element_type": "pollination_management", "element_name": "Open insect pollination vs pollinator exclusion (and vs hand pollination)", "claimed_effect": "authors: fruit set 71% higher and seed set 62% higher with open insect access vs exclusion; fruit set 41% lower and seed set 20% lower with open pollination than with artificial/hand pollination (pollination deficit). Deficit largest in Asia (fruit set 63%) then Europe (30%). 48 studies, five continents.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14279", "source_citation": "Olhnuud, A., Liu, Y., Makowski, D., Tscharntke, T., Westphal, C., Wu, P., Wang, M. & van der Werf, W. 2022. Pollination deficits and contributions of pollinators in apple production: a global meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Ecology 59(12):2911\u20132921.", "intervention_variable_group": "apple:pollination_management", "relative_yield_effect": 0.71, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 71.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Malus domestica; global meta-analysis of fruit set and seed set; 45 cultivars / 17 countries in the WUR summary; cultivar effects confounded with continent" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "apricot": { "crop_id": "apricot", "crop_name": "Apricot", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 7.2495, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Apricots", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "apricot-thinning-0-vs-40-trevett", "native_crop_id": "apricot", "element_type": "pruning_training", "element_name": "Hand thinning 0\u201340% of fruit (cv. Trevett)", "claimed_effect": "thinning decreased fruit drop from 21% to 0.51% and increased fruit weight from 15.93 g to 26.61 g, but yield per branch decreased from 0.794 kg (0% control) to 0.408 kg (40% thinning).", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "http://pakbs.org/pjbot/PDFs/44(3)/07.pdf", "source_citation": "Rab, A., Rahman, J., Abdiani, S., Qadim, A., Khattak, M.K. & Nawab, K. 2012. Thinning intensity affects the yield and fruit quality of apricot cv. Trevett. Pakistan Journal of Botany 44(3):887\u2013890.", "intervention_variable_group": "apricot:pruning_training", "relative_yield_effect": -0.21, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -21.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Prunus armeniaca cv. Trevett; Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agricultural University 2007\u201308; RCBD 4 reps; 8 thinning levels" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "artichoke": { "crop_id": "artichoke", "crop_name": "Artichoke", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Algeria", "normalized_value": 23.2193, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Artichokes", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Algeria, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "artichoke-n-rate-200lb-highest-numerical-schrader-1992", "native_crop_id": "artichoke", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Drip N 100 vs 200 vs 400 lb/ac (weekly ammonium nitrate)", "claimed_effect": "authors: 200 lb/ac gave the highest numerical yield both years (Table 2). Raw kg/ha cells were not in the accessible article text.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "B", "source_type": "extension_trial", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3733/ca.v046n04p28", "source_citation": "Schrader, W.L., Mayberry, K.S. & Cudney, D.W. 1992. Paving the way to a better artichoke. California Agriculture 46(4):28\u201329.", "intervention_variable_group": "artichoke:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "seed-propagated globe artichoke; Irvine CA 1989\u20131990; N applied weekly through drip" }, { "element_id": "artichoke-irrigation-50etc-vs-100-shinohara-2011", "native_crop_id": "artichoke", "element_type": "irrigation_practice", "element_name": "Subsurface drip 50% vs 100% ETc (N rates crossed)", "claimed_effect": "authors: marketable yields significantly increased at 100% ETc vs 75% and 50% ETc; a 20% to 35% yield reduction occurred at 50% ETc across seasons. Lack of yield response to N rates attributed to high pre-plant soil N.", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.46.3.377", "source_citation": "Shinohara, T., Agehara, S., Yoo, K.S. & Leskovar, D.I. 2011. Irrigation and nitrogen management of artichoke: yield, head quality, and phenolic content. HortScience 46(3):377\u2013386.", "intervention_variable_group": "artichoke:irrigation_practice", "relative_yield_effect": -1.0, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -100.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "globe artichoke; Uvalde, TX 2005\u20132008; 50/75/100% ETc \u00d7 N 0\u201310/60/120/180 kg ha\u22121; subsurface drip" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "asparagus": { "crop_id": "asparagus", "crop_name": "Asparagus", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Argentina", "normalized_value": 4.0369, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Asparagus", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Argentina, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "asparagus-subsurface-drip-n-fertigation-rolbiecki-2022", "native_crop_id": "asparagus", "element_type": "irrigation_practice", "element_name": "Subsurface drip N fertigation vs broadcast N without irrigation", "claimed_effect": "authors: six-year mean marketable green-spear yield 8.79 t ha\u22121 with subsurface drip fertigation vs 5.69 t ha\u22121 on non-irrigated plots with spreading N; increase 3.1 t ha\u22121, i.e. 54%", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020241", "source_citation": "Rolbiecki, R., Sadan, H., Rolbiecki, S., Jagosz, B., Szczepanek, M., Figas, A., Atilgan, A., Pal-Fam, F. & Pa\u0144ka, D. 2022. Effect of subsurface drip fertigation with nitrogen on the yield of asparagus grown for the green spears on a light soil in central Poland. Agronomy 12(2):241.", "intervention_variable_group": "asparagus:irrigation_practice", "relative_yield_effect": 0.54, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 54.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Asparagus officinalis cvs Ramada, Rapsody, Ravel; sandy soil, central Poland 2011\u20132017 harvests 2012\u20132017; split-plot 4 replications; fertigation confounds water and N placement" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "avocado": { "crop_id": "avocado", "crop_name": "Avocado", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Angola", "normalized_value": 17.1819, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Avocados", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Angola, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "avocado-rootstock-duke7-vs-g755b-screc", "native_crop_id": "avocado", "element_type": "cultivar_selection", "element_name": "Hass on 10 clonal rootstocks, Phytophthora-free", "claimed_effect": "cumulative yields years 2\u20135 highest on Duke 7 (103.5 kg/tree), lowest on G755B (19.5 kg/tree); no statistical difference in average fruit size years 2\u20134.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://www.avocadosource.com/WAC", "source_citation": "Avocado clonal rootstock production trial. UC South Coast REC / Avocado Source WAC.", "intervention_variable_group": "avocado:cultivar_selection", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "UC South Coast REC; Hass on ten rootstocks in the absence of Phytophthora cinnamomi" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "banana": { "crop_id": "banana", "crop_name": "Banana", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Algeria", "normalized_value": 24.6231, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Bananas", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Algeria, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" }, { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "India", "normalized_value": 39.658, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Bananas", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "tropical", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "India, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "barley": { "crop_id": "barley", "crop_name": "barley", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 4.34, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Barley", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100077", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "2026-07", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 277.57, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Barley for animal feed [115114111]", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210007701", "source_title": "Farm product prices, crops and livestock", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "barley-including-malting-barley-barley-n-rate", "native_crop_id": "barley-including-malting-barley", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen management for malt vs feed barley", "claimed_effect": "+21.4 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps06014", "source_citation": "Nitrogen fertilizer management effects on malting barley yield, quality, and economic returns", "intervention_variable_group": "barley-including-malting-barley:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": 0.214, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 21.4 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Balanced N rate (70-100 kg N/ha for malt to cap protein <12.5%; 100-140 kg N/ha for feed barley) under rainfed Prairie conditions." }, { "element_id": "barley-including-malting-barley-barley-seeding-rate", "native_crop_id": "barley-including-malting-barley", "element_type": "plant_density", "element_name": "Seeding rate and stand density (250-325 plants/m2)", "claimed_effect": "+12.8 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-112", "source_citation": "Optimizing malting barley seeding rates and plant populations across Western Canada", "intervention_variable_group": "barley-including-malting-barley:plant_density", "relative_yield_effect": 0.128, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 12.8 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Seeding to establish 250-325 plants/m2 (23-30 plants/ft2) in early spring into cold seedbeds." }, { "element_id": "barley-including-malting-barley-barley-biostimulant-seaweed-humic", "native_crop_id": "barley-including-malting-barley", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Biostimulants: Seaweed extract and humic acid foliar blends", "claimed_effect": "+10.5 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2021.107021", "source_citation": "Seaweed extracts and humic substances improve barley drought tolerance and grain yield", "intervention_variable_group": "barley-including-malting-barley:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.105, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 10.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Foliar application at tillering (Zadoks 22-25) and stem elongation (Zadoks 31) under dryland Prairie moisture stress." }, { "element_id": "barley-including-malting-barley-barley-pgpr-inoculation", "native_crop_id": "barley-including-malting-barley", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Biological inputs: Endophytic and rhizospheric PGPR inoculation", "claimed_effect": "+9.2 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-020-01502-3", "source_citation": "Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria inoculation enhances phosphorus mobilization and yield in Hordeum vulgare", "intervention_variable_group": "barley-including-malting-barley:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.092, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 9.2 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Seed treatment with Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas putida in low-organic matter soils." }, { "element_id": "barley-including-malting-barley-barley-foliar-fungicide", "native_crop_id": "barley-including-malting-barley", "element_type": "pest_disease_management", "element_name": "Foliar fungicide timing for scald and net blotch", "claimed_effect": "+15.2 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps99-041", "source_citation": "Control of foliar leaf spot diseases and yield response in Canadian Prairie barley", "intervention_variable_group": "barley-including-malting-barley:pest_disease_management", "relative_yield_effect": 0.152, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 15.2 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Application of dual-mode strobilurin/triazole fungicide at flag leaf emergence (Zadoks 39-45) under moderate-to-high disease pressure." }, { "element_id": "barley-including-malting-barley-barley-drought-heat-stress", "native_crop_id": "barley-including-malting-barley", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Heat and moisture stress during heading and grain filling", "claimed_effect": "-24.0 %", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2017.03.011", "source_citation": "Physiological responses of barley genotypes to heat and drought stress during grain development", "intervention_variable_group": "barley-including-malting-barley:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": -0.24, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -24.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Drought stress coinciding with temperatures >30\u00b0C from heading through soft dough stages." } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "beet-table": { "crop_id": "beet-table", "crop_name": "Beet, Table", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "New England (reference)", "normalized_value": 26.900406, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Beets, red bunched", "source_url": "https://www.uvm.edu/vtvegandberry/factsheets/vegetableberryyields.pdf", "source_title": "Vegetable and Berry Crop Yield Estimates for New England", "publisher": "University of Vermont Extension (Vern Grubinger)", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "New England (reference), curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "beet-table-osu-fg13-extension-guidance", "native_crop_id": "beet-table", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "OSU table-beet fertilizer guide (Mack/Gardner/Jackson experiments)", "claimed_effect": "", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "C", "source_type": "extension_guidance", "source_url": "https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/downloads/c247ds851", "source_citation": "Oregon State University Extension. Table beets fertilizer guide FG 13 (Mack, H.J., Gardner, E.H. & Jackson, T.L.).", "intervention_variable_group": "beet-table:soil_fertility", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "empty claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Oregon table beet; FG 13 grounded in OSU field experiments but no single quantified yield table in the guide" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "blackberry": { "crop_id": "blackberry", "crop_name": "Blackberry", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "United States (reference)", "normalized_value": 7.845952, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Blackberry", "source_url": "https://extension.okstate.edu/fact-sheets/commercial-blackberry-production.html", "source_title": "Commercial Blackberry Production", "publisher": "Oklahoma State University Extension", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "United States (reference), curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "blackberry-n-10-vs-others-reynoso-2011", "native_crop_id": "blackberry", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 10 or 10-split kg ha\u22121 vs 0 and 20 kg ha\u22121 (high tunnel)", "claimed_effect": "thesis abstract: total fruit yields for Treatments 2 and 3 (10 and 10-split kg ha\u22121) 2.5 kg each, highest and significantly different from the other treatments (p<0.05). Marketable yield similar trend, ns. Cane diameter and plant fresh weight ns.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2259/", "source_citation": "Reynoso Campos, J.C. 2014. Primocane-fruiting blackberry: optimum N-fertilization. University of Arkansas thesis.", "intervention_variable_group": "blackberry:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Prime-Ark 45 primocane blackberry; University of Arkansas Fayetteville 2011; high tunnel; RCB" }, { "element_id": "blackberry-primejan-primejim-ar-vs-or-clark-2005", "native_crop_id": "blackberry", "element_type": "cultivar_selection", "element_name": "Prime-Jan / Prime-Jim primocane yield, Arkansas vs Oregon", "claimed_effect": "total primocane yield Prime-Jan 412\u20133,048 kg ha\u22121 (Clarksville AR) vs 4,103\u201317,179 kg ha\u22121 (Oregon); Prime-Jim 220\u20131,835 vs 1,661\u201320,010 kg ha\u22121. Strong location \u00d7 cultivar effect. Oregon column is single-plot without statistics per authors' footnote.", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.40.3.852", "source_citation": "Clark, J.R., Moore, J.N., Lopez-Medina, J., Perkins-Veazie, P. & Finn, C.E. 2005. 'Prime-Jan' (APF-8) and 'Prime-Jim' (APF-12) primocane-fruiting blackberries. HortScience 40(3):852\u2013855.", "intervention_variable_group": "blackberry:cultivar_selection", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "University of Arkansas Fruit Substation Clarksville (est. 1999) and OSU N. Willamette REC Aurora (est. 2000)" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "blueberry": { "crop_id": "blueberry", "crop_name": "Blueberry", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Australia", "normalized_value": 3.9085, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Blueberries", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Australia, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "blueberry-insect-pollination-r2-eeraerts-2023", "native_crop_id": "blueberry", "element_type": "pollination_management", "element_name": "Insect-mediated pollination vs bagged flowers (and hand vs open for pollen limitation)", "claimed_effect": "authors: insect-mediated pollination increased fruit set, berry weight and seed set (R\u00b2 64.8%, 75.9%, 75.2%); additional hand pollination vs open raised those metrics (R\u00b2 10.1%, 18.2%, 21.5%). Honeybee and wild-bee visitation also associated with fruit set (R\u00b2 5.4% and 3.5%). 21 studies, 496 site replicates.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14516", "source_citation": "Eeraerts, M. et al. 2023. Synthesis of highbush blueberry pollination research reveals region-specific differences in the contributions of honeybees and wild bees. Journal of Applied Ecology 60:2528\u20132539.", "intervention_variable_group": "blueberry:pollination_management", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "R\u00b2 is not a yield effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum); mostly North America; few cultivars; honey bees dominant, wild bees more efficient per visit" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "broccoli": { "crop_id": "broccoli", "crop_name": "broccoli", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 17.7023, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Cauliflowers and broccoli", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "broccoli-n-rate-120-240-vs-0-vagen-2007", "native_crop_id": "broccoli-including-broccoli-raab", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 120 and 240 kg ha\u22121 vs 0 N", "claimed_effect": "authors: fresh-weight head yield more than doubled at 120 kg N ha\u22121 and almost tripled at 240 vs 0 N; relative head yield 100, 232, and 295 at 0, 120, and 240 kg N ha\u22121; companion report of the same Norwegian trials: 6230, 14440, and 18360 kg ha\u22121 heads at those rates", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710500539224", "source_citation": "V\u00e5gen, I.M. 2007. Nitrogen fertilization to broccoli cultivars at different planting times: Yield and nitrogen use. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B \u2014 Soil & Plant Science 57(1):35\u201344.", "intervention_variable_group": "broccoli-including-broccoli-raab:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Brassica oleracea var. italica cvs Milady and Marathon; southern Norway 1999 and 2001; three silty loams; May vs late-June/July planting; relative yield levelled off at 200\u2013250 kg available N ha\u22121 (fertiliser + Nmin)" }, { "element_id": "broccoli-n-rate-osu-nwrec-1992", "native_crop_id": "broccoli-including-broccoli-raab", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen rate 180 lb/acre vs 0 N (Willamette silt loam)", "claimed_effect": "1992 main-effect total yield 1.6 tons/acre at 0 N vs 3.9 at 60, 5.5 at 120, 6.8 at 180, 6.7 at 240 lb N/acre; four-year NWREC conclusion: optimum near 250 lb N/acre at 30,000\u201340,000 plants/acre, with earlier years peaking at 250 and declining at 325", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "B", "source_type": "extension_trial", "source_url": "https://agsci.oregonstate.edu/oregon-vegetables/effect-rate-timing-application-and-placement-nitrogen-fertilizer-broccoli-yield-and-nitrogen-uptake", "source_citation": "Oregon State University. 1992. Effect of rate, timing of application, and placement of nitrogen fertilizer on broccoli yield and nitrogen uptake. NWREC Oregon Vegetables.", "intervention_variable_group": "broccoli-including-broccoli-raab:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "OSU North Willamette Research and Extension Center; Willamette silt loam; 1992 rate \u00d7 timing; prior 1989\u201390 source trials on the same site" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "buckwheat": { "crop_id": "buckwheat", "crop_name": "Buckwheat", "category": "Ineligible Crops / Field and Grain Crops", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "1977", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 0.0, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Buckwheat", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "1976", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 0.0, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Buckwheat", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, yield, production, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops, in metric and imperial units", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "cabbage": { "crop_id": "cabbage", "crop_name": "cabbage", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 34.5711, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Cabbages", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "cabbage-n-180-240-s-kacjan-marsic-2021", "native_crop_id": "cabbage-including-chinese", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Calcium ammonium nitrate 180 or 240 kg N ha\u22121 \u00b1 40 kg S ha\u22121 vs 0 N", "claimed_effect": "marketable yield 30.3 \u00b1 1.6 t ha\u22121 at 0 N vs 62.7 \u00b1 1.8 at 180 N without S, 67.4 \u00b1 2.3 at 180 N + 40 S, 66.8 \u00b1 2.4 at 240 N without S, and 75.8 \u00b1 2.6 at 240 N + 40 S (Table 1). Authors: 180 N + 40 S more than doubled the unfertilised yield.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10071304", "source_citation": "Kacjan Mar\u0161i\u0107, N., Sinkovi\u010d Mo\u017ee, K., Miheli\u010d, R., Ne\u010demer, M., Hudina, M. & Jakopi\u010d, J. 2021. Nitrogen and sulphur fertilisation for marketable yields of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. Capitata), leaf nitrate and glucosinolates and nitrogen losses studied in a field experiment in Central Slovenia. Plants 10(7):1304.", "intervention_variable_group": "cabbage-including-chinese:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "white cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata; Central Slovenia, humid temperate; CAN and gypsum; N \u00d7 S interaction on head weight and yield" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "canary-seed": { "crop_id": "canary-seed", "crop_name": "canary-seed", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2019", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 1.177, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Canary seed", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100077", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "2011-04", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 625.0, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Canary seeds [11511555]", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210007701", "source_title": "Farm product prices, crops and livestock", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "canola": { "crop_id": "canola", "crop_name": "Canola", "category": "Ineligible Crops / Oil Seed Crops (including oil and non-oil cultivars)", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 2.544, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Canola (rapeseed)", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100077", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "2026-07", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 714.77, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Canola (including rapeseed) [113111]", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210007701", "source_title": "Farm product prices, crops and livestock", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "canola-canola-n-rate", "native_crop_id": "canola", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen application rate and split timing", "claimed_effect": "+28.5 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps-2015-089", "source_citation": "Meta-analysis of nitrogen fertilizer response and nitrogen use efficiency in Brassica napus across Western Canada", "intervention_variable_group": "canola:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": 0.285, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 28.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Optimal economic nitrogen rate (120-160 kg N/ha) under Prairie rainfed moisture (>250 mm). Split applications or enhanced-efficiency urea mitigate volatilization and leaching." }, { "element_id": "canola-canola-sulfur-nutrition", "native_crop_id": "canola", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Sulfur and phosphorus balanced nutrition", "claimed_effect": "+18.2 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps91-118", "source_citation": "Sulfur fertilization of Brassica napus on Gray Luvisols and Dark Brown Chernozems", "intervention_variable_group": "canola:soil_fertility:sulfur", "relative_yield_effect": 0.182, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 18.2 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Application of 15-30 kg S/ha as sulfate-S on S-deficient Luvisolic and Chernozemic soils. Canola requires high sulfur for glucosinolate and protein synthesis." }, { "element_id": "canola-canola-biostimulant-gaba-seaweed", "native_crop_id": "canola", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Biostimulants: Foliar GABA, seaweed extract & amino acids", "claimed_effect": "+14.6 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-61961-1", "source_citation": "Foliar gamma-aminobutyric acid enhances antioxidant defense and yield performance of canola under drought stress", "intervention_variable_group": "canola:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.146, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 14.6 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Foliar application of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 25-50 mM) and Ascophyllum nodosum extract prior to bolting and early flowering under moisture deficit." }, { "element_id": "canola-canola-bio-seed-priming-pgpr", "native_crop_id": "canola", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Biological inputs: Melatonin priming & PGPR seed treatments", "claimed_effect": "+11.8 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42230725/", "source_citation": "Melatonin seed priming enhanced drought and cold tolerance in rapeseed cultivars", "intervention_variable_group": "canola:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.11800000000000001, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 11.8 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Seed treatment with Bacillus velezensis / Pseudomonas putida and melatonin priming in cold Prairie spring soils (<8\u00b0C)." }, { "element_id": "canola-canola-plant-density", "native_crop_id": "canola", "element_type": "plant_density", "element_name": "Target plant population density (50-80 plants/m2)", "claimed_effect": "+15.4 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2014-049", "source_citation": "Impact of plant density and seeding depth on canola stand uniformity and yield", "intervention_variable_group": "canola:plant_density", "relative_yield_effect": 0.154, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 15.4 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Seeding at 50-80 plants/m2 (5-8 plants/ft2) at shallow depth (1.2-2.5 cm) vs low density stand (<30 plants/m2)." }, { "element_id": "canola-canola-sclerotinia-fungicide", "native_crop_id": "canola", "element_type": "pest_disease_management", "element_name": "Sclerotinia stem rot fungicide timing (20-50% bloom)", "claimed_effect": "+19.5 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/07060660609507311", "source_citation": "Epidemiology and chemical control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in canola", "intervention_variable_group": "canola:pest_disease_management", "relative_yield_effect": 0.195, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 19.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Foliar fungicide application (boscalid, prothioconazole) at 20-50% bloom under high-humidity, dense canopy conditions." }, { "element_id": "canola-canola-drought-heat-stress", "native_crop_id": "canola", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Heat and drought stress during flowering and pod fill", "claimed_effect": "-32.0 %", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.08.012", "source_citation": "Heat stress effects on reproductive development and oil yield in Brassica napus", "intervention_variable_group": "canola:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": -0.32, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -32.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Daily maximum temperatures >28-30\u00b0C coupled with soil moisture tension >100 kPa during anthesis and silique expansion." } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "carrot": { "crop_id": "carrot", "crop_name": "Carrot", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 38.4999, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Carrots and turnips", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "carrot-n-rate-202-vs-29-metiva-2023", "native_crop_id": "carrot", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Season-total N 202 kg ha\u22121 vs starter-only 29 kg ha\u22121", "claimed_effect": "authors: root yield and shoot biomass increased with N and did not plateau; 2019 total yield 78.7 Mg ha\u22121 at 29 kg N vs 91.3 at 67 and 92.8 at 135; 2020 total 72.0 vs 75.3 vs 77.5 Mg ha\u22121 at 29/67/135; SARE report of the same trial: 202 kg ha\u22121 raised yield vs 135 in both years (mean extra 8.1 t ha\u22121 vs 135 kg N); 2020 no differences among 29, 67, and 135 kg N", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.21257", "source_citation": "Metiva, M. et al. 2023. Topdress strategies and remote sensing for nitrogen management in processing carrots. Agronomy Journal 115(1):408\u2013425.", "intervention_variable_group": "carrot:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "processing carrot; commercial fields near Hesperia and Pentwater, Michigan 2019\u20132020; rates 29, 67, 135, 202 kg N ha\u22121; split vs single topdress did not affect yield" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "cauliflower": { "crop_id": "cauliflower", "crop_name": "Cauliflower", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "New England (reference)", "normalized_value": 15.691903, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Cauliflower", "source_url": "https://www.uvm.edu/vtvegandberry/factsheets/vegetableberryyields.pdf", "source_title": "Vegetable and Berry Crop Yield Estimates for New England", "publisher": "University of Vermont Extension (Vern Grubinger)", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "New England (reference), curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "cauliflower-n-rate-0-vs-225-bozkurt-2011", "native_crop_id": "cauliflower", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 225 kg ha\u22121 vs 0 N (drip, Mediterranean coastal Turkey)", "claimed_effect": "Table VI main-effect curd yield 8.81 Mg ha\u22121 at 0 N vs 29.1 at 75, 31.0 at 150, and 33.9 at 225 kg N ha\u22121; predicted maximum 33.9 Mg ha\u22121 at 225 kg N. Irrigation main effect: 13.4 Mg ha\u22121 at Kcp0 vs 32.0 at Kcp1.0.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2010.539575", "source_citation": "Bozkurt, S., Uygur, V., Agca, N. & Yalcin, M. 2011. Yield responses of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. Botrytis) to different water and nitrogen levels in a Mediterranean coastal area. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B \u2014 Soil & Plant Science 61(2):183\u2013194.", "intervention_variable_group": "cauliflower:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Brassica oleracea var. botrytis; Eastern Mediterranean coastal Turkey 2005\u20132007; four N rates \u00d7 four pan coefficients; Duncan means" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "cherry": { "crop_id": "cherry", "crop_name": "Cherry", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 9.9683, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Cherries", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "cherry-insect-vs-exclusion-vs-hand-osterman-2023", "native_crop_id": "cherry", "element_type": "pollination_management", "element_name": "Open insect pollination vs bagged exclusion (and vs hand pollination) on cv. Regina", "claimed_effect": "final fruit set bagged 0\u20136% (mean 2%) vs open insect 9\u201369% (mean 28%) vs hand 7\u201368% (mean 39%); treatments differed at harvest (Tukey p<0.001). Fruit set rose with honey bee \u00d7 mason bee abundance together, not with either species alone.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10289", "source_citation": "Osterman, J. et al. 2023. Mason bees and honey bees synergistically enhance fruit set in sweet cherry orchards. Ecology and Evolution 13:e10289.", "intervention_variable_group": "cherry:pollination_management", "relative_yield_effect": 0.06, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 6.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Prunus avium cv. Regina (self-sterile S1S3); 17 orchards, Sachsen-Anhalt and Thuringia, Germany, 2020; 20 trees/site" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "citrus": { "crop_id": "citrus", "crop_name": "Citrus", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 6.2685, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Oranges", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "citrus-np-rate-null-kadyampakeni-ifas-2024", "native_crop_id": "citrus", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Variable N and P rates on HLB-affected Florida citrus", "claimed_effect": "authors: no yield differences regardless of treatment effect and nutrient application rates (fruit quality still underway). Valencia orange N-rate and P-rate slides: increases in year 2 but no differences between treatments.", "effect_direction": "no_significant_effect", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://citrusagents.ifas.ufl.edu/media/crecifasufledu/citrus-agents/growers-institutes/2024/Kadyampakeni_bmp-.pdf", "source_citation": "Kadyampakeni, D. 2024. An update on citrus N and BMP statewide trials. UF/IFAS Citrus Institute, Avon Park.", "intervention_variable_group": "citrus:soil_fertility", "relative_yield_effect": 0.0, "relative_effect_basis": "null yield effect stored as 0 relative change", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "UF/IFAS CREC / statewide N and BMP trials; HLB-affected sweet orange; USDA Hatch-linked nutrient management program" }, { "element_id": "citrus-obreza-morgan-sl253-extension-guidance", "native_crop_id": "citrus", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nutrition of Florida Citrus Trees (SL253)", "claimed_effect": "", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "C", "source_type": "extension_guidance", "source_url": "https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/ss478", "source_citation": "Morgan, K.T. & Kadyampakeni, D.M. Nutrition of Florida Citrus Trees, 3rd ed. UF/IFAS SL253/SS478.", "intervention_variable_group": "citrus:soil_fertility", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "empty claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Florida citrus; UF/IFAS SL253/SS478 recommendations" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "coneflower": { "crop_id": "coneflower", "crop_name": "Coneflower", "category": "Medicinal Herbs", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "mixed (reference)", "normalized_value": 6.0, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Echinacea / coneflower (dry herb, years 2-4)", "source_url": "https://www.richters.com/", "source_title": "Echinacea growing information", "publisher": "Richters Herbs; NC State Extension", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "mixed (reference), curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "coneflower-n-150-vs-0-dry-herb-soltanbeigi-2022", "native_crop_id": "coneflower", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 150 kg ha\u22121 vs 0 N (five cuttings, 3 years)", "claimed_effect": "across five cuttings: dry herb 3817 \u00b1 3277 kg ha\u22121 at 0 N vs 8746 \u00b1 6947 at 150 kg N and 7745 \u00b1 6069 at 75 kg N + foliar; fresh herb 14109 vs 32645 vs 29291 kg ha\u22121; essential oil 1.54 vs 4.55 vs 3.57 L ha\u22121. Authors: 150 kg N and 75 kg N + foliar highest agronomic yield.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.29393/chjaa38-16ayah20016", "source_citation": "Soltanbeigi, A. & Maral, H. 2022. Agronomic yield and essential oil properties of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L. Moench) with different nutrient applications. Chilean Journal of Agricultural & Animal Sciences 38.", "intervention_variable_group": "coneflower:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Echinacea purpurea; Afyonkarahisar, Turkey 2016\u20132018; F0/F1 75/F2 150/F3 75+foliar" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "corn-grain": { "crop_id": "corn-grain", "crop_name": "corn-grain", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2023", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 9.415, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Corn for grain", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "alberta_table90", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "2014", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 158.7284, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Corn for Grain", "source_url": "https://open.alberta.ca/dataset/7328ec69-16ea-429a-af68-8948a9649593/resource/285f0249-8e88-4559-ad7f-d2c30df4184e/download/table-90-alberta-special-crops-area-yield-production-and-price.xlsx", "source_title": "Table 90: Alberta Special Crops - Area, Yield, Production and Price", "publisher": "Alberta Agriculture and Irrigation (Alberta Open Documents)" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "corn-silage": { "crop_id": "corn-silage", "crop_name": "corn-silage", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 40.575, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Corn for silage", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "1984", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 35.0, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Corn for silage", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, yield, production, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops, in metric and imperial units", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "cucumber": { "crop_id": "cucumber", "crop_name": "Cucumber", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 47.8495, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Cucumbers and gherkins", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "cucumber-cucumber-co2-meta", "native_crop_id": "cucumber", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Elevated CO2 enrichment (800\u20131200 ppm optimum)", "claimed_effect": "+21.98 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1826536", "source_citation": "Optimizing carbon dioxide enrichment with environmental management to improve photosynthesis, water use efficiency and yield in cucumbers: a meta-analysis study (2026)", "intervention_variable_group": "cucumber:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": 0.2198, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 21.98 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Meta-analysis of 73 cucumber studies. eCO2 also increased net photosynthesis +56.31% (95% CI 50.31\u201362.32), WUE +121.11%, and biomass +27.75%. Synergy with high light, suitable temperature, humidity, and fertilizer." }, { "element_id": "cucumber-cucumber-led-co2-combo", "native_crop_id": "cucumber", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Supplemental lighting plus CO2 enrichment", "claimed_effect": "+35.0 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-024-00638-y", "source_citation": "Supplemental lighting and CO2 enrichment on the growth, fruit quality, and yield of cucumber (Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology 2025)", "intervention_variable_group": "cucumber:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": 0.35, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 35.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "43-day plastic-greenhouse trial. SL+CO2 increased yield 35% versus unlit ambient-CO2 control. Economic analysis: income rate 106% (SL) and 111% (SL+CO2) of control." }, { "element_id": "cucumber-cucumber-moderate-co2-19", "native_crop_id": "cucumber", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Moderate CO2 enrichment (~700 ppm closed / 350 ppm vented)", "claimed_effect": "+19.0 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308521X0400164X", "source_citation": "Effect of variable CO2 enrichment on greenhouse production in mild winter climates (S\u00e1nchez-Guerrero et al.)", "intervention_variable_group": "cucumber:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": 0.19, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 19.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Two adjacent greenhouses. Enrichment to ~700 \u00b5mol mol\u207b\u00b9 when closed and 350 when vented. Fresh and dry fruit production +19%; radiation-use efficiency +14%. Most extra biomass went to fruit, not LAI." }, { "element_id": "cucumber-cucumber-vegetable-biostimulant-meta", "native_crop_id": "cucumber", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Non-microbial biostimulants (vegetable-crop mean; open field)", "claimed_effect": "+22.8 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.836702", "source_citation": "A Meta-Analysis of Biostimulant Yield Effectiveness in Field Trials (Li et al. 2022)", "intervention_variable_group": "cucumber:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.228, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 22.8 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Open-field meta-analysis, 180 studies, >1000 paired observations. All biostimulant categories averaged +17.9% yield; vegetables were the most responsive crop group (+22.8%). Highest under arid climates and poor soils. Soil application outperformed foliar on average." }, { "element_id": "cucumber-cucumber-diffuse-glass", "native_crop_id": "cucumber", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Diffuse greenhouse glass", "claimed_effect": "+11.0 % (upper of 5\u201311% tomato/cucumber WUR range)", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://www.hortidaily.com/article/6001456/diffuse-glass-not-a-myth-but-clear-as-glass/", "source_citation": "Diffuse glass production effects on tomato and cucumber (Dueck, Hemming, Janse; WUR Greenhouse Horticulture)", "intervention_variable_group": "cucumber:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": 0.11, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 11.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Wageningen comparative studies: cucumber under diffuse glass produced heavier fruit (+10\u201315 g) and more fruits; tomato and cucumber production +5\u201311%. Commercial paired houses (cucumber, tomato, cherry tomato) had ~8% higher radiation-use efficiency under diffuse roofs and no extra energy use." }, { "element_id": "cucumber-cucumber-grafting-moschata", "native_crop_id": "cucumber", "element_type": "cultivar_selection", "element_name": "Grafting onto Cucurbita moschata interspecific rootstock", "claimed_effect": "+16.8 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10101135", "source_citation": "Optimizing Greenhouse Cucumber Fertigation Through Grafting (Horticulturae 2024)", "intervention_variable_group": "cucumber:cultivar_selection", "relative_yield_effect": 0.168, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 16.8 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Greenhouse cucumber fertigation \u00d7 grafting factorial. Grafting onto C. moschata \u00d7 C. moschata (G1) +16.8% yield vs non-grafted; Lagenaria siceraria (G2) +9.2%. Best fertigation \u00d7 G1 combination +45.3% vs control. Separate soilless trial: Nagene on Shintoza plus AMF 2116 g/plant vs 1570 g ungrafted non-mycorrhizal (+35%)." }, { "element_id": "cucumber-cucumber-powdery-mildew-yield-recovery", "native_crop_id": "cucumber", "element_type": "pest_disease_management", "element_name": "Powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii) \u2014 yield recovery with biocontrol vs untreated epidemic", "claimed_effect": "+92.0 % fruit yield vs untreated mildewed control (B. subtilis)", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-020-00267-4", "source_citation": "Biological control of cucumber powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii) under greenhouse conditions (2020)", "intervention_variable_group": "cucumber:pest_disease_management", "relative_yield_effect": 0.92, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 92.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Greenhouse cucumber with powdery mildew. Untreated control 1.82 kg fruit/plant. B. subtilis 3.50 kg/plant (+92%); chemical fungicide 3.65 kg (+101%). Fruit number +51% (Bacillus) to +59% (fungicide) vs untreated. Disease severity and AUDPC also fell." } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "date": { "crop_id": "date", "crop_name": "Date", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 31.0569, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Dates", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" }, { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Saudi Arabia", "normalized_value": 7.4824, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Dates", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "arid", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Saudi Arabia, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "date-strand-thinning-30pct-vs-control-khadrawi", "native_crop_id": "date", "element_type": "pruning_training", "element_name": "Strand thinning 15% and 30% vs no thinning (cv. Khadrawi)", "claimed_effect": "authors: removing 30% of strands gave the lowest bunch weight and yield/palm vs control (no thinning) but improved fruit weight, length, and diameter and raised TSS/sugars.", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-019-0234-3", "source_citation": "Strand thinning of Khadrawi date palm cultivar in relation to yield and fruit quality. Bulletin of the National Research Centre. DOI 10.1186/s42269-019-0234-3.", "intervention_variable_group": "date:pruning_training", "relative_yield_effect": -0.3, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -30.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "study_context": "Phoenix dactylifera cv. Khadrawi; RCBD 3 replicates, 1 palm/replicate; 2015\u20132016" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "dry-beans": { "crop_id": "dry-beans", "crop_name": "dry-beans", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 3.0, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Beans, all dry (white and coloured)", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "alberta_table90", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "2014", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 836.1417, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Dry Beans", "source_url": "https://open.alberta.ca/dataset/7328ec69-16ea-429a-af68-8948a9649593/resource/285f0249-8e88-4559-ad7f-d2c30df4184e/download/table-90-alberta-special-crops-area-yield-production-and-price.xlsx", "source_title": "Table 90: Alberta Special Crops - Area, Yield, Production and Price", "publisher": "Alberta Agriculture and Irrigation (Alberta Open Documents)" } ], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "bean-dry-edible-rhizobium-inoculum-meta-sousa-2022", "native_crop_id": "bean-dry-edible", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Rhizobium seed inoculum vs uninoculated control", "claimed_effect": "authors: Rhizobium inoculation increased seed yield 32.96% vs uninoculated CK; mineral-N fertilizer increased seed yield 46.69% vs CK; RI on average 12.31% less efficient than NF (68 studies, 7 countries)", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-022-00784-6", "source_citation": "dos Santos Sousa, W., Soratto, R.P., Peixoto, D.S. et al. 2022. Effects of Rhizobium inoculum compared with mineral nitrogen fertilizer on nodulation and seed yield of common bean. A meta-analysis. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 42:52.", "intervention_variable_group": "bean-dry-edible:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.3296, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 32.96 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Phaseolus vulgaris common/dry bean; peer-reviewed primary studies; response modified by season, tillage, SOM, texture, pH, P availability, and inoculum rate \u226510 g kg\u22121 seed" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "dry-peas": { "crop_id": "dry-peas", "crop_name": "dry-peas", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 2.039, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Chick peas", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100077", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "2026-07", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 305.81, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Dry peas [114314]", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210007701", "source_title": "Farm product prices, crops and livestock", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "pea-dry-edible-peas-rhizobium-inoculation", "native_crop_id": "pea-dry-edible", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Rhizobium leguminosarum inoculation and dual inoculant", "claimed_effect": "+17.5 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2007-034", "source_citation": "Inoculation of field pea with Rhizobium leguminosarum and PGPR strains across Saskatchewan soils", "intervention_variable_group": "pea-dry-edible:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.175, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 17.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae (granular or liquid) on soils with low native rhizobial populations or virgin pulse land." }, { "element_id": "pea-dry-edible-peas-biostimulant-pgpr-amino", "native_crop_id": "pea-dry-edible", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Biostimulants: Penicillium bilaiae & amino acid foliar blends", "claimed_effect": "+10.4 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/P94-061", "source_citation": "Phosphate-solubilizing Penicillium bilaiae and rhizobial co-inoculation on field pea phosphorus uptake and yield", "intervention_variable_group": "pea-dry-edible:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.10400000000000001, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 10.4 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Co-inoculation of phosphate-solubilizing fungus Penicillium bilaiae with Rhizobium at seeding." }, { "element_id": "pea-dry-edible-peas-starter-phosphorus", "native_crop_id": "pea-dry-edible", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Starter phosphorus placement (15-30 kg P2O5/ha)", "claimed_effect": "+13.2 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2010-015", "source_citation": "Phosphorus fertilizer rate, placement and cultivar effects on field pea production in the northern Great Plains", "intervention_variable_group": "pea-dry-edible:soil_fertility:phosphorus", "relative_yield_effect": 0.132, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 13.2 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Side-banded or seed-placed phosphorus (up to safe seed-placed limits of 15-20 kg P2O5/ha) on low-P Prairie soils." }, { "element_id": "pea-dry-edible-peas-aphanomyces-root-rot", "native_crop_id": "pea-dry-edible", "element_type": "pest_disease_management", "element_name": "Aphanomyces euteiches root rot disease impact", "claimed_effect": "-48.0 %", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/07060661.2018.1539001", "source_citation": "Epidemiology and management of Aphanomyces root rot of field pea in Western Canada", "intervention_variable_group": "pea-dry-edible:pest_disease_management", "relative_yield_effect": -0.48, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -48.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Wet soil conditions in infested fields (>100 oospores/g soil) under short pulse rotations (<6-8 years)." }, { "element_id": "pea-dry-edible-peas-seeding-density", "native_crop_id": "pea-dry-edible", "element_type": "plant_density", "element_name": "Plant population density (80-90 plants/m2)", "claimed_effect": "+14.0 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2008-044", "source_citation": "Field pea seeding rate, depth and cultivar effects on stand establishment and grain yield", "intervention_variable_group": "pea-dry-edible:plant_density", "relative_yield_effect": 0.14, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 14.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Targeting 80-90 viable plants/m2 (7-8 plants/ft2) at 4-6 cm seeding depth into moisture." }, { "element_id": "pea-dry-edible-peas-flowering-heat-stress", "native_crop_id": "pea-dry-edible", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Heat stress during flowering and pod development (>28\u00b0C)", "claimed_effect": "-29.0 %", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.06.012", "source_citation": "High temperature stress effects on flower retention, ovule fertility and seed yield in Pisum sativum", "intervention_variable_group": "pea-dry-edible:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": -0.29, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -29.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Temperatures exceeding 28\u00b0C during full bloom causing ovule abortion and pod dropping." } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "durum-wheat": { "crop_id": "durum-wheat", "crop_name": "durum-wheat", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 2.966, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Wheat, durum", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100077", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "2026-07", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 297.58, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Durum wheat [112111211]", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210007701", "source_title": "Farm product prices, crops and livestock", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "eggplant": { "crop_id": "eggplant", "crop_name": "Eggplant", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 29.303, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Eggplants (aubergines)", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "eggplant-n-rate-100kg-vs-0-aminifard-2010", "native_crop_id": "eggplant", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 100 kg ha\u22121 vs 0 N", "claimed_effect": "yield per plant 3713 g at 100 kg N ha\u22121 vs 2615 g at 0 N; fruit weight 375.0 g vs 301.7 g control; 150 kg N 3591 g/plant and 298.3 g fruit (below the 100 kg peak)", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/11.4.863", "source_citation": "Aminifard, M.H., Aroiee, H., Fatemi, H., Ameri, A. & Karimpour, S. 2010. Responses of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) to different rates of nitrogen under field conditions. Journal of Central European Agriculture 11(4):453\u2013458.", "intervention_variable_group": "eggplant:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Solanum melongena field trial; N rates 0, 50, 100, 150 kg ha\u22121; vegetative growth highest at 150 kg, fruit yield peaked at 100 kg" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "fababeans": { "crop_id": "fababeans", "crop_name": "fababeans", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 2.658, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Faba beans", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": false }, "fig": { "crop_id": "fig", "crop_name": "Fig", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 5.3145, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Figs", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "fig-cultivar-lsu-italian376-aklo-gordon-acta1310", "native_crop_id": "fig", "element_type": "cultivar_selection", "element_name": "USDA-ARS/UC Chowchilla fig cultivar trial", "claimed_effect": "authors: LSU Purple, Italian 376, and Aklo Lalo (AL) had the highest yields; despite high yield LSU is not a commercially viable cultivar for California fig production due to small fruit size, whereas AL and Italian 376 have large and moderately sized fruit.", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2021.1310.26", "source_citation": "Gordon, P., Preece, J.E., Ferguson, L. et al. Field evaluation of new and underutilized fig cultivars for fresh and dried markets. Acta Horticulturae 1310:26.", "intervention_variable_group": "fig:cultivar_selection", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "12 cultivars from USDA-ARS NCGR Davis planted at Chowchilla CA; fresh fruit year 3" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "flaxseed": { "crop_id": "flaxseed", "crop_name": "Flaxseed", "category": "Ineligible Crops / Oil Seed Crops (including oil and non-oil cultivars)", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 2.564, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Flaxseed", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100077", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "2026-04", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 680.23, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Flaxseed [115122111]", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210007701", "source_title": "Farm product prices, crops and livestock", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "garlic": { "crop_id": "garlic", "crop_name": "Garlic", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "New England (reference)", "normalized_value": 4.483401, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Garlic", "source_url": "https://www.uvm.edu/vtvegandberry/factsheets/vegetableberryyields.pdf", "source_title": "Vegetable and Berry Crop Yield Estimates for New England", "publisher": "University of Vermont Extension (Vern Grubinger)", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "New England (reference), curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "garlic-n-50lb-vs-0-cornell-cce-2018", "native_crop_id": "garlic", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Spring-applied inorganic N 50 lb/acre vs 0 N (and vs 100/150 lb)", "claimed_effect": "authors: in 8 side-by-side comparisons, never a yield response among 50, 100 and 150 lb N/acre; in year 2, 50 lb/acre increased yield 20% vs 0 lb/acre. Residual soil nitrate at harvest 6, 22, 38, 76 lb/acre at 0/50/100/150.", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "B", "source_type": "extension_trial", "source_url": "https://cvp.cce.cornell.edu/submission.php?id=763", "source_citation": "Cornell Cooperative Extension Vegetable Program. 2018. Nitrogen requirements in garlic: 50 lb/A is enough!", "intervention_variable_group": "garlic:soil_fertility", "relative_yield_effect": 0.2, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 20.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "German hardneck garlic; Cornell Vegetable Program; 2017\u20132018; three sites, three configurations, three N sources/methods" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "ginseng": { "crop_id": "ginseng", "crop_name": "Ginseng", "category": "Medicinal Herbs", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "Wisconsin / Ontario (reference)", "normalized_value": 1.285615, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Ginseng (dry root)", "source_url": "https://www.nass.usda.gov/", "source_title": "1992 Census of Agriculture (Wisconsin); Ontario ginseng industry reporting", "publisher": "USDA Census of Agriculture / Ontario ginseng industry", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "Wisconsin / Ontario (reference), curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "ginseng-n1-20gm2-vs-n0-li-2025", "native_crop_id": "ginseng", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 20 g m\u22122 vs 0 and vs 40 g m\u22122", "claimed_effect": "authors: yield peaked at N1 816.56 g m\u22122; 29.90% above N0 and 38.05% above N2 (p<0.05). Unimodal: both zero and 40 g m\u22122 lowered biomass vs the intermediate rate.", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07031-6", "source_citation": "Li, K., Wan, M., Han, M. & Yang, L. 2025. The response of Panax ginseng root microbial communities and metabolites to nitrogen addition. BMC Plant Biology 25:969.", "intervention_variable_group": "ginseng:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": 0.299, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 29.9 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Panax ginseng two-year seedlings; Baishan, Jilin; plots 5 m2 \u00d7 3 reps; N0/N1/N2 = 0/20/40 g m\u22122 plus P and K on N plots; harvest 2022" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "grapes": { "crop_id": "grapes", "crop_name": "grapes", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 11.8222, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Grapes", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "grape-deficit-irrigation-60pct-cwr-elsalhy-2026", "native_crop_id": "grape-including-raisin", "element_type": "irrigation_practice", "element_name": "Deficit irrigation 60% of crop water requirement vs 100% CWR", "claimed_effect": "authors: yield/vine decreased 17.11% at 60% CWR and 3.70% at 80% CWR vs 100% CWR; 80% vs 100% not statistically different. Table 7: 2024 yield 10.50, 10.14, 8.66 kg/vine and 2025 11.12, 10.67, 9.25 kg/vine at 100/80/60% CWR.", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-47407-8", "source_citation": "El-Salhy, A.M., Salem, E.H., Mohamed, M.M.A. & Hussein, A.S. 2026. Deficit-irrigation management for sustainable grape production (Vitis vinifera L.): different regimes to assess yield and berry quality under arid conditions. Scientific Reports 16:12724.", "intervention_variable_group": "grape-including-raisin:irrigation_practice", "relative_yield_effect": -0.1711, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -17.11 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Vitis vinifera cv. Flame seedless; 19-year vines; Luxor, Egypt 2024\u20132025; sandy soil; drip; 80% CWR also raised TSS/anthocyanin vs 100%" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "hay": { "crop_id": "hay", "crop_name": "Hay", "category": "Ineligible Crops / Forage Crops", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 3.613, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Tame hay", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "1984", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 85.0, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Tame hay", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, yield, production, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops, in metric and imperial units", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "hemp": { "crop_id": "hemp", "crop_name": "Hemp", "category": "Ineligible Crops / Fiber Crops", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 1.481, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Hemp", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "hemp-hemp-n-application-rate", "native_crop_id": "hemp", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen fertilization rate (100-150 kg N/ha)", "claimed_effect": "+25.0 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2012-138", "source_citation": "Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) grain and fiber response to nitrogen fertilization in Western Canada", "intervention_variable_group": "hemp:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": 0.25, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 25.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Optimal nitrogen rate (100-150 kg N/ha) on well-drained loam to clay-loam soils with adequate spring moisture." }, { "element_id": "hemp-hemp-biostimulant-mycorrhizae-trichoderma", "native_crop_id": "hemp", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Biostimulants: Mycorrhizae & Trichoderma inoculants", "claimed_effect": "+12.4 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.114132", "source_citation": "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma bio-inoculants enhance cannabinoid and biomass accumulation in Cannabis sativa", "intervention_variable_group": "hemp:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.124, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 12.4 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Seed treatment or in-furrow biological inoculation at planting into cool soils." }, { "element_id": "hemp-hemp-seeding-depth-temp", "native_crop_id": "hemp", "element_type": "plant_density", "element_name": "Seeding depth (1.0-2.0 cm) and soil temperature (>10\u00b0C)", "claimed_effect": "+18.2 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.08.083", "source_citation": "Effects of seeding date, depth and soil temperature on industrial hemp emergence and stand uniformity", "intervention_variable_group": "hemp:plant_density", "relative_yield_effect": 0.182, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 18.2 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Seeding into warm soils (>10-12\u00b0C) at shallow depth (1.0-2.0 cm) with good seed-to-soil contact." }, { "element_id": "hemp-hemp-plant-density-grain-vs-fibre", "native_crop_id": "hemp", "element_type": "plant_density", "element_name": "Plant population target (grain: 100-150 pl/m2; fiber: 250-300 pl/m2)", "claimed_effect": "+16.0 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2017.05.0298", "source_citation": "Stand density and row spacing effects on grain and fiber production of industrial hemp cultivars", "intervention_variable_group": "hemp:plant_density", "relative_yield_effect": 0.16, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 16.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Calibrating plant density for end-use: 100-150 plants/m2 for grain branching; 250-300 plants/m2 for fine bast fiber stalk production." }, { "element_id": "hemp-hemp-salinity-waterlogging", "native_crop_id": "hemp", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Soil salinity and poor drainage waterlogging", "claimed_effect": "-36.0 %", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112845", "source_citation": "Abiotic stress responses in industrial hemp: Salt sensitivity and flooding vulnerability", "intervention_variable_group": "hemp:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": -0.36, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -36.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Electrical conductivity >2.5 dS/m or saturated standing water >36 hours during early vegetative growth." } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": false }, "honey": { "crop_id": "honey", "crop_name": "Honey", "category": "Horticulture / Honey", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 51.71, "normalized_unit": "kilograms per hive", "source_commodity": "Honey", "source_url": "https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/peace-region-honey-yields-9.7167452", "source_title": "Alberta honey yield reporting (beekeeping industry statistics)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada / Alberta beekeeping industry, as reported by CBC News", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada / Alberta beekeeping industry reporting", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "honey-pollen-substitute-diet1-vs-megabee-kim-2024", "native_crop_id": "honey", "element_type": "colony_nutrition", "element_name": "Pollen substitute Diet 1 (soy/yeast/apple juice/soytide/Chlorella) vs commercial Megabee", "claimed_effect": "honey production 14 \u00b1 2 kg/colony (Diet 1) vs 8 \u00b1 1 kg/colony (Megabee control) during Acacia bloom 3\u201324 May; Diet 1 also highest total adult bees (62,517 \u00b1 424 vs Control 27,925 \u00b1 3854)", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/insects15050361", "source_citation": "Kim, H., Frunze, O., Lee, J.-H. & Kwon, H.-W. 2024. Enhancing honey bee health: evaluating pollen substitute diets in field and cage experiments. Insects 15(5):361.", "intervention_variable_group": "honey:colony_nutrition", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Apis mellifera; 15 colonies, 3 reps/diet; Gangneung, Republic of Korea; 16 Feb\u201324 May 2023; diets ~1200 g from 16 Feb\u201329 Mar then natural forage; honey measured as colony-weight change in Acacia bloom" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": false }, "hops": { "crop_id": "hops", "crop_name": "Hops", "category": "Culinary Herbs and Spices", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 0.7545, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Hop cones", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "hops-n-rate-chinook-lagos-2023", "native_crop_id": "hops", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen rate 250 kg N ha\u22121 (urea, split) vs 0 N", "claimed_effect": "cone dry matter 386.7 kg ha\u22121 at 250 kg N ha\u22121 vs 245.8 kg ha\u22121 at 0 N; linear increase in cone number, cone/leaf/branch DM, and oil yield per plant", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737X202370050009", "source_citation": "Lagos, F.S. et al. 2023. Biomass and essential oil production of hops cv Chinook in response to nitrogen fertilization. Revista Ceres 70(5):e70509.", "intervention_variable_group": "hops:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "cv. Chinook; field, Guarapuava-PR, Brazil; three harvests 2018/19\u20132020/21; urea 46% split at BBCH 1/2/3; max photoperiod 13.8 h; yields below IHGC world-producer mean" }, { "element_id": "hops-inrow-spacing-agnus-koren-2008", "native_crop_id": "hops", "element_type": "plant_density", "element_name": "In-row spacing 300 \u00d7 114 cm vs standard 300 \u00d7 100 cm", "claimed_effect": "2.80 t ha\u22121 dry hops at 300 \u00d7 114 cm vs 2.58 t ha\u22121 at 300 \u00d7 100 cm; authors state the calculated per-hectare increase was 10% vs control; 300 \u00d7 133 cm yielded 2.69 t ha\u22121", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17221/2219-PSE", "source_citation": "Ko\u0159en, J. 2008. Influence of plantation row spacing on quality and yield of hops. Plant, Soil and Environment 54: 276\u2013282.", "intervention_variable_group": "hops:plant_density", "relative_yield_effect": 0.1, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 10.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "hybrid cv. Agnus; Hop Research Institute \u017datec, Czech Republic; field 2004\u20132006; 300 cm between rows held constant; five vs four bines also tested" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "kiwi": { "crop_id": "kiwi", "crop_name": "Kiwi", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Australia", "normalized_value": 17.4744, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Kiwi fruit", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Australia, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "kiwi-cppu-preanthesis-cruz-castillo-2014", "native_crop_id": "kiwi", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Pre-anthesis CPPU 4 \u03bcL L\u22121 vs untreated", "claimed_effect": "authors: CPPU significantly increased fresh weight by about 12% (+12.6 g fruit\u22121) and consequently the yield per vine, without affecting firmness, dry matter, TSS, sugars, vitamin C, or oxalic acid.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.01.131", "source_citation": "Cruz-Castillo, J.G., Baldicchi, A., Frioni, T., Marocchi, F., Moscatello, S., Proietti, S., Battistelli, A. & Famiani, F. 2014. Pre-anthesis CPPU low dosage application increases 'Hayward' kiwifruit weight\u2026 Food Chemistry 158:224\u2013228.", "intervention_variable_group": "kiwi:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.12, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 12.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Actinidia deliciosa cv. Hayward; Central Italy 2008; spray at break of sepals ~1 week before anthesis" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "lentils": { "crop_id": "lentils", "crop_name": "Lentils", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 2.047, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Lentils", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100077", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "2026-07", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 554.24, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Lentils [114312]", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210007701", "source_title": "Farm product prices, crops and livestock", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "lentils-lentils-rhizobium-nodulation", "native_crop_id": "lentils", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Rhizobium leguminosarum nodulation and nitrogen fixation", "claimed_effect": "+18.0 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2006-031", "source_citation": "Biological nitrogen fixation and yield response of lentil to Rhizobium leguminosarum across the northern Great Plains", "intervention_variable_group": "lentils:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.18, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 18.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Dual liquid/granular rhizobial inoculation on Brown and Dark Brown Chernozems." }, { "element_id": "lentils-lentils-biostimulant-biochar-humic", "native_crop_id": "lentils", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Biostimulants: Humic substances & biochar soil conditioning", "claimed_effect": "+11.5 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2021.105189", "source_citation": "Biochar and humic acid amendments enhance lentil nodulation, water retention and yield under semi-arid conditions", "intervention_variable_group": "lentils:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.115, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 11.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Application of humic acids (3-5 kg/ha) or pyrolyzed biochar under moisture-limited semi-arid Prairie conditions." }, { "element_id": "lentils-lentils-ascochyta-anthracnose", "native_crop_id": "lentils", "element_type": "pest_disease_management", "element_name": "Ascochyta blight & Anthracnose foliar fungicide timing", "claimed_effect": "+22.5 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/07060660709507456", "source_citation": "Management of anthracnose (Colletotrichum lentis) and ascochyta blight in lentil with foliar fungicides", "intervention_variable_group": "lentils:pest_disease_management", "relative_yield_effect": 0.225, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 22.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Application of strobilurin/SDHI fungicides at 10-15 node stage prior to canopy closure under wet humid weather." }, { "element_id": "lentils-lentils-land-rolling", "native_crop_id": "lentils", "element_type": "plant_density", "element_name": "Post-seeding land rolling for harvest efficiency", "claimed_effect": "+9.5 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps98-011", "source_citation": "Effect of land rolling timing and soil leveling on lentil harvestability and grain recovery", "intervention_variable_group": "lentils:plant_density", "relative_yield_effect": 0.095, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 9.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Land rolling after seeding (up to 2-3 leaf stage on warm afternoon) to level soil and push down rocks." }, { "element_id": "lentils-lentils-waterlogging-hypoxia", "native_crop_id": "lentils", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Soil waterlogging and root hypoxia stress", "claimed_effect": "-42.0 %", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.105872", "source_citation": "Responses of pulse crops to soil waterlogging: Hypoxia tolerance mechanisms and lentil vulnerability", "intervention_variable_group": "lentils:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": -0.42, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -42.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Saturated soil moisture (>48 hours standing water) during vegetative and early flowering stages." } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "lettuce": { "crop_id": "lettuce", "crop_name": "Lettuce", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 13.8478, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Lettuce and chicory", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "lettuce-lettuce-cea-vs-field-meta", "native_crop_id": "lettuce", "element_type": "plant_density", "element_name": "Controlled-environment production versus field (system choice)", "claimed_effect": "+96.0 % (kg/m\u00b2 per cycle vs FAO field mean)", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142623", "source_citation": "Let-Us Investigate; A Meta-Analysis of Influencing Factors on Lettuce Crop Yields within Controlled-Environment Agriculture Systems (Gargaro, Murphy & Harris 2023)", "intervention_variable_group": "lettuce:plant_density", "relative_yield_effect": 0.96, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 96.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "121 papers, 979 observations, 29 countries. CEA mean 3.68 kg/m\u00b2 vs FAO field 1.88 kg/m\u00b2. Vertical stacked systems 6.88 kg/m\u00b2. Greenhouse subset 5.11 kg/m\u00b2 (n=415); indoor CEA rooms 2.65 kg/m\u00b2 (n=508). Iceberg 7.45 kg/m\u00b2 (n=41); looseleaf 2.58 kg/m\u00b2 (n=266). Mean CEA cycle ~40 d vs field 60\u2013120 d." }, { "element_id": "lettuce-lettuce-dli-kelly-2020", "native_crop_id": "lettuce", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Daily light integral (DLI) 6.9 to 15.6 mol/m\u00b2/d", "claimed_effect": "+0.9 % FW per 1% DLI ('Rex')", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2020.109565", "source_citation": "Promotion of lettuce growth under an increasing daily light integral depends on the combination of the photosynthetic photon flux density and photoperiod (Kelly, Choe, Meng & Runkle 2020)", "intervention_variable_group": "lettuce:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": 0.009000000000000001, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 0.9 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Indoor hydroponic lettuce 'Rex' and 'Rouxai'. DLI 6.9\u201315.6 mol m\u207b\u00b2 d\u207b\u00b9 via PPFD 120\u2013270 \u00b5mol m\u207b\u00b2 s\u207b\u00b9 and photoperiods 16\u201324 h. Fresh and dry mass, leaf width and number, and chlorophyll increased with DLI. At 15.6 mol, lower PPFD + longer photoperiod beat higher PPFD + shorter day. ~0.9% ('Rex') and ~0.7% ('Rouxai') fresh-weight gain per 1% DLI increase." }, { "element_id": "lettuce-lettuce-led-vs-hps-efficacy", "native_crop_id": "lettuce", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "LED versus HPS supplemental lighting (biomass per kWh)", "claimed_effect": "+2.4 \u00d7 edible g/kWh (LED/HPS, lowest of 3 harvests)", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae6010007", "source_citation": "Quality, Yield, and Biomass Efficacy of Several Hydroponic Lettuce Cultivars in Response to High Pressure Sodium Lights or Light Emitting Diodes (2020)", "intervention_variable_group": "lettuce:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Greenhouse hydroponic lettuce, 13 cultivars, target DLI 17 mol m\u207b\u00b2 d\u207b\u00b9, LED 20% blue / 80% red vs HPS. LED produced 2.4\u20133.1 times as much edible mass per estimated kWh as HPS across three harvests." }, { "element_id": "lettuce-lettuce-cultivar-cea-meta", "native_crop_id": "lettuce", "element_type": "cultivar_selection", "element_name": "Cultivar choice inside CEA (iceberg vs looseleaf)", "claimed_effect": "+7.45 kg/m\u00b2 iceberg mean (vs 2.58 looseleaf)", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142623", "source_citation": "Let-Us Investigate (Gargaro, Murphy & Harris 2023) \u2014 cultivar subgroup", "intervention_variable_group": "lettuce:cultivar_selection", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Within the Gargaro et al. 2023 CEA meta-analysis, iceberg averaged 7.45 kg/m\u00b2 (n=41) versus looseleaf 2.58 kg/m\u00b2 (n=266). Cultivar was one of the four strongest yield factors (with season, nutrient delivery, and lighting type)." }, { "element_id": "lettuce-lettuce-downward-airflow-tipburn", "native_crop_id": "lettuce", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Downward airflow \u22650.4 m/s to cut tipburn and raise marketable fraction", "claimed_effect": "", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/60/12/article-p2354.xml", "source_citation": "Optimizing Downward Airflow to Prevent Lettuce Tipburn in Vertical Farms (HortScience 2025)", "intervention_variable_group": "lettuce:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "empty claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Indoor/vertical-farm lettuce \u2018Casey\u2019 and \u2018Dragoon\u2019. Downward airflow 0.4\u20131.3 m/s \u00d7 PPFD 200\u2013500 \u00b5mol m\u207b\u00b2 s\u207b\u00b9. Airflow and light independent. Airflow >0.4 m/s reduced tipburn and increased % marketable plants without changing shoot biomass. High light raised biomass but worsened tipburn. 1.0 m/s gave 100% marketable \u2018Casey\u2019 even at 350 \u00b5mol. Classic target: downward air >0.3 m/s at the meristem (Goto & Takakura 1992; Shibata et al. 1995)." }, { "element_id": "lettuce-lettuce-tipburn-biostimulant-vs-fans", "native_crop_id": "lettuce", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Calcium-mobilizing biostimulant vs vertical airflow for tipburn (no final biomass penalty)", "claimed_effect": "", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1701667", "source_citation": "A calcium-mobilizing biostimulant provides tipburn control comparable to vertical airflow fans in greenhouse hydroponic lettuce \u2018Rex\u2019 (2025)", "intervention_variable_group": "lettuce:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "empty claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Greenhouse hydroponic \u2018Rex\u2019. Control (no VAF, no biostimulant): tipburn rating 5.0 and 39% of leaves at 28 DAT. Biostimulant 0.5 mL/L cut tipburn 94\u201396% at 21 DAT and 71\u201375% at 28 DAT without VAFs, comparable to fans. Shoot mass transiently \u221216\u201332% at 14\u201321 DAT at the highest dose; by 28 DAT biomass matched the control." }, { "element_id": "lettuce-lettuce-nft-ec-yield-tipburn", "native_crop_id": "lettuce", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nutrient-solution EC: yield vs tipburn trade-off", "claimed_effect": "75.0 g/head less at 1.4 vs 1.8 mS/cm (\u2018Green Butter\u2019)", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/55/8/article-p1265.xml", "source_citation": "Effects of Electrical Conductivity, pH, and Foliar Application of Calcium Chloride on Yield and Tipburn of Lactuca sativa Grown Using the Nutrient\u2013Film Technique (2020)", "intervention_variable_group": "lettuce:soil_fertility", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "NFT lettuce. Max yield at \u22651.8 mS/cm for Green Butter (263 g) and Red Butter (202 g), \u22651.6 for Red Oakleaf (183 g). Green Butter was 75 g lighter at 1.4 than at 1.8 mS/cm; tipburn was lower at 1.4. pH 6.0\u20136.2 maximized yield. Foliar CaCl2 400\u2013800 mg/L twice weekly cut tipburn with minor yield cost vs lowering EC." } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "macadamia": { "crop_id": "macadamia", "crop_name": "Macadamia", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "Queensland, Australia (reference)", "normalized_value": 3.75, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Macadamia (nut-in-shell)", "source_url": "http://era.dpi.qld.gov.au/id/eprint/1964/3/mac-growing_guide_Part3.pdf", "source_title": "Macadamia Grower's Handbook", "publisher": "Queensland Department of Primary Industries", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "Queensland, Australia (reference), curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "macadamia-high-n-depressed-yield-stephenson-2000", "native_crop_id": "macadamia", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 1150 vs 230 g/tree/year", "claimed_effect": "authors: higher N increased kernel recovery by ~1% in 5 of 6 years; these increases were insufficient to compensate for depressed yields (17% lower) at high nitrogen. Commercial-sized NIS 33.8 / 29.6 / 28.8 kg/tree at low/medium/high N (P<0.05). Authors indicate 355 g N/tree.year.", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1071/EA99077", "source_citation": "Stephenson, R.A., Gallagher, E.C., Doogan, V.J. & Mayer, D.G. 2000. Nitrogen and environmental factors influencing macadamia quality. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 40(8):1145\u20131150.", "intervention_variable_group": "macadamia:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": -0.01, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -1.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "study_context": "SE Queensland DPI/CSIRO; 6-year replicated field trial; N 230/690/1150 g/tree/year across split timings" }, { "element_id": "macadamia-uh-ctaHR-res039-extension-guidance", "native_crop_id": "macadamia", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "UH-CTAHR Macadamia Nuts in Hawaii (Res-039) cultivation bulletin", "claimed_effect": "", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "C", "source_type": "extension_guidance", "source_url": "https://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/oc/freepubs/pdf/Res-039.pdf", "source_citation": "University of Hawaii CTAHR. Macadamia Nuts in Hawaii. Research Extension Series 039 (1984).", "intervention_variable_group": "macadamia:soil_fertility", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "empty claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "study_context": "Hawaii; 1984 cultivation bulletin, not a replicated rate-yield table" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "maple-syrup": { "crop_id": "maple-syrup", "crop_name": "Maple Syrup", "category": "Horticulture / Maple Syrup", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "United States / Quebec (reference)", "normalized_value": 0.357, "normalized_unit": "US gallons per tap", "source_commodity": "Maple syrup", "source_url": "https://www.uvm.edu/d10-files/documents/2024-12/maple-nass-2024.pdf", "source_title": "Maple syrup yield per tap (USDA NASS; Quebec Maple Syrup Producers)", "publisher": "USDA NASS / University of Vermont Extension / PPAQ", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "United States / Quebec (reference), curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "maple-syrup-vacuum-pump-vs-unpumped-tubing-fs-ne91", "native_crop_id": "maple-syrup", "element_type": "harvest_technique", "element_name": "Vacuum-pumped tubing vs unpumped tubing on nearly level land", "claimed_effect": "authors: vacuum pumping more than doubled sap yield; Area I (up-slope) season total 43.7 vs 16.4 quarts/taphole pumped vs not pumped; Area II 40.2 vs 18.2", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "B", "source_type": "extension_trial", "source_url": "https://www.nrs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/rn/rn_ne91.pdf", "source_citation": "USDA Forest Service. 1968. Vacuum pumping doubles maple sap yield on flat land. Research Note NE-91.", "intervention_variable_group": "maple-syrup:harvest_technique", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "USDA Forest Service; nearly level land; 300-taphole networks; 1968; natural vacuum in unvented tubing previously +43% (Blum 1967) on slopes" }, { "element_id": "maple-syrup-high-yield-retubing-uvm-pmrc-20yr", "native_crop_id": "maple-syrup", "element_type": "harvest_technique", "element_name": "High-yield vacuum tubing system vs legacy collection (before/after retubing)", "claimed_effect": "authors: average syrup 0.58 gal/tap (2004\u20132023) vs 0.34 gal/tap on the legacy system; 70.6% higher; 90% of post-2004 years exceeded 0.5 gal/tap, none did before", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "B", "source_type": "extension_trial", "source_url": "https://mapleresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/md20Yr202312.pdf", "source_citation": "Perkins, T.D. et al. 2023. Twenty years of high-yield sap collection at the UVM Proctor Maple Research Center. Maple Digest.", "intervention_variable_group": "maple-syrup:harvest_technique", "relative_yield_effect": 0.706, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 70.6 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "UVM Proctor Maple Research Center, Vermont; 20 years 2004\u20132023 after total replacement with modern high-yield vacuum; observational before/after, not a randomized contemporaneous control" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "medicinal-herbs-fenugreek": { "crop_id": "medicinal-herbs-fenugreek", "crop_name": "Fenugreek", "category": "Medicinal Herbs", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "Saskatchewan", "normalized_value": 1.457105, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Fenugreek (seed)", "source_url": "https://www.saskatchewan.ca/business/agriculture-natural-resources-and-industry/agribusiness-farmers-and-ranchers/crops", "source_title": "Specialty crops: Fenugreek", "publisher": "Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture; IHARF; SaskPulse", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "Saskatchewan, curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "fenugreek-n-90-vs-0-jagdale-2011", "native_crop_id": "medicinal-herbs-fenugreek", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 90 kg ha\u22121 vs 0 N (seed yield)", "claimed_effect": "Table 1/2: seed yield 11.67 q ha\u22121 at 0 N vs 12.85 at 30, 14.44 at 60, 15.29 at 90, and 13.90 at 120 kg N ha\u22121. Peak at 90 kg N (15.29 q ha\u22121; 307.16 g/plot); 120 kg N below the 90 kg peak.", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "B", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "http://researchjournal.co.in/upload/assignments/6_81-84_2.pdf", "source_citation": "Jagdale, Y.L. & Dalve, P.D. 2011. Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus levels on seed yield and quality of fenugreek. Asian Journal of Horticulture 6(1):81\u201384.", "intervention_variable_group": "medicinal-herbs-fenugreek:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Trigonella foenum-graecum; Dr. PDKV Akola, Maharashtra; factorial RBD 5 N \u00d7 5 P, 3 replications" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "medicinal-herbs-lavender": { "crop_id": "medicinal-herbs-lavender", "crop_name": "Lavender", "category": "Medicinal Herbs", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "mixed (reference)", "normalized_value": 0.7, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Lavender (dried flowering tops)", "source_url": "https://www.richters.com/", "source_title": "Lavender growing information", "publisher": "Richters Herbs", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "mixed (reference), curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "lavender-n-100-vs-0-kucukyumuk-2015", "native_crop_id": "medicinal-herbs-lavender", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 100 kg ha\u22121 vs 0 N on lavandin Super A", "claimed_effect": "authors' table: dry flower 217.9 kg ha\u22121 at 0 N vs 2998 at 50, 3849 at 100, and 3277 at 150 kg N (2010); 2011 230.9 / 3054 / 3905 / 3367. Fresh flower 540.4 vs 8991 kg ha\u22121 at 0 vs 100 kg N in 2010. Peak at 100 kg N; 150 kg N below that peak both years.", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2014.960279", "source_citation": "Kucukyumuk, Z. et al. 2015. Effect of different nitrogen doses on plant growth, quality characteristics and nutrient concentrations of lavandin (Lavandula \u00d7 intermedia Emeric ex Loisel. var. Super A). Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 18(1):36\u201343.", "intervention_variable_group": "medicinal-herbs-lavender:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Lavandula \u00d7 intermedia var. Super A; randomized block, 3 replications; two years 2010\u20132011" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "melons": { "crop_id": "melons", "crop_name": "melons", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 10.8214, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Cantaloupes and other melons", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "melon-watermelon-n-270-vs-0-gulut-2021", "native_crop_id": "melon-all-types", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 270 kg ha\u22121 vs 0 N on grafted watermelon (urea, split)", "claimed_effect": "2018 yield 32581 kg ha\u22121 at 0 N + 0 B vs 55454 at 270 N + 0 B and 56505 at 270 N + 2 kg B; 2019 29581 vs 43925 (0 B) and 52513 (2 kg B). Authors: highest yield, fruit weight and sugars at 270 kg N ha\u22121.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252396", "source_citation": "G\u00fcl\u00fct, K.Y. 2021. Nitrogen and boron nutrition in grafted watermelon I: Impact on pomological attributes, yield and fruit quality. PLoS ONE 16(5):e0252396.", "intervention_variable_group": "melon-all-types:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "grafted watermelon cv. Starburst; \u00c7ukurova, Turkey 2018\u20132019; N 0/90/180/270 kg ha\u22121 \u00d7 B 0/2 kg ha\u22121; urea in three splits" }, { "element_id": "melon-watermelon-uga-tifton-2019-cultivar", "native_crop_id": "melon-all-types", "element_type": "cultivar_selection", "element_name": "2019 UGA Tifton watermelon variety trial", "claimed_effect": "total yield 52,959\u201399,924 lb/acre (2019, Tifton); Exclamation highest-yielding, not significantly different from 11 others (Fisher's Protected LSD P<0.05).", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "B", "source_type": "extension_trial", "source_url": "https://vegetables.caes.uga.edu", "source_citation": "University of Georgia. Watermelon variety trial evaluation 2019. Tifton.", "intervention_variable_group": "melon-all-types:cultivar_selection", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Tifton, GA 2019; University of Georgia vegetable trials" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "mixed-grain": { "crop_id": "mixed-grain", "crop_name": "mixed-grain", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 3.158, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Mixed grains", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "1984", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 116.0, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Mixed grains", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, yield, production, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops, in metric and imperial units", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "mushroom-cultivated": { "crop_id": "mushroom-cultivated", "crop_name": "Mushroom (Cultivated)", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "United States (reference)", "normalized_value": 28.9, "normalized_unit": "kilograms per square metre per crop cycle", "source_commodity": "Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus, button)", "source_url": "https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/production-and-harvesting", "source_title": "Mushrooms: Production and Harvesting", "publisher": "Penn State Extension", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "United States (reference), curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "mushroom-cultivated-cocopeat-casing-1in-vs-5in", "native_crop_id": "mushroom-cultivated", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Cocopeat casing 1 inch vs 5 inch thickness", "claimed_effect": "638.00 g/bag and 12.76% biological efficiency at 1 in vs 355.00 g/bag at 5 in (cocopeat); vermicompost 1 in 637.00 g/bag vs 5 in 340.00 g/bag", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://www.plantarchives.org/article/275%20EFFECT-OF-DIFFERENT-CASING-THICKNESS-AND-CASING-MATERIAL-ON-YIELD-AND-YIELD-ATTRIBUTING-CHARACTERISTICS-OF-WHITE-BUTTON-MUSHROOM-(A.-BISPORUS).pdf", "source_citation": "Effect of different casing thickness and casing material on yield and yield attributing characteristics of white button mushroom (A. bisporus). Plant Archives.", "intervention_variable_group": "mushroom-cultivated:casing_and_spawn", "relative_yield_effect": 0.1276, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 12.76 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Agaricus bisporus white button; CRD; cocopeat and vermicompost at 1\u20135 in" }, { "element_id": "mushroom-cultivated-spawn-rate-2pct-vs-1pct-shibli-2025", "native_crop_id": "mushroom-cultivated", "element_type": "plant_density", "element_name": "Spawn inoculum 2% vs 1% with supplemented casing", "claimed_effect": "highest yields 45.67 and 45.17 kg m\u22122 at 2% spawn with C3/C2 casings (BE 152.2% and 150.1%) vs 20.79 kg m\u22122 and 69.3% BE at 1% spawn with C1 casing", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.32649/ajas.2025.186645", "source_citation": "Shibli, M.I. 2025. The effect of inoculum levels and supplementation of locally produced casing soil on the growth and production of Agaricus bisporus. Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences 23(1):311\u2013325.", "intervention_variable_group": "mushroom-cultivated:casing_and_spawn", "relative_yield_effect": 0.02, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 2.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Agaricus bisporus; locally produced casing, Al-Wadaq; harvest timing also earlier at 2% (23.3\u201323.5 d to first fruit vs 30 d)" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "mustard": { "crop_id": "mustard", "crop_name": "mustard", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 0.998, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Mustard seed", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "alberta_table90", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "2012", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 665.08, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Mustard Seed", "source_url": "https://open.alberta.ca/dataset/7328ec69-16ea-429a-af68-8948a9649593/resource/285f0249-8e88-4559-ad7f-d2c30df4184e/download/table-90-alberta-special-crops-area-yield-production-and-price.xlsx", "source_title": "Table 90: Alberta Special Crops - Area, Yield, Production and Price", "publisher": "Alberta Agriculture and Irrigation (Alberta Open Documents)" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "oats": { "crop_id": "oats", "crop_name": "Oats", "category": "Ineligible Crops / Field and Grain Crops", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 3.291, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Oats", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100077", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "2026-07", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 242.13, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Oats [115113111]", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210007701", "source_title": "Farm product prices, crops and livestock", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "oats-oats-n-rate", "native_crop_id": "oats", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen fertilization rate and lodging avoidance", "claimed_effect": "+22.0 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2012-085", "source_citation": "Oat response to nitrogen fertilizer rate, timing and source in Western Canada", "intervention_variable_group": "oats:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": 0.22, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 22.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Targeting 60-90 kg N/ha in milling oat cultivars; higher rates (>110 kg N/ha) trigger severe lodging on heavy soils." }, { "element_id": "oats-oats-biostimulant-silicon-seaweed", "native_crop_id": "oats", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Biostimulants: Potassium silicate & Ascophyllum nodosum extract", "claimed_effect": "+11.0 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2021.126388", "source_citation": "Exogenous silicon and seaweed extract improve lodging resistance and yield of Avena sativa", "intervention_variable_group": "oats:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.11, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 11.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Foliar silicon (2-4 kg/ha SiO2) and seaweed extract applied at stem elongation (Zadoks 31-33)." }, { "element_id": "oats-oats-biologicals-mycorrhizae", "native_crop_id": "oats", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Biological inputs: Arbuscular mycorrhizae & Trichoderma inoculants", "claimed_effect": "+8.8 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-020-00714-x", "source_citation": "Mycorrhizal symbiosis and Trichoderma harzianum co-inoculation improve oat phosphorus nutrition and biomass", "intervention_variable_group": "oats:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.08800000000000001, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 8.8 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Seed-applied mycorrhizal consortia in low-input and organic production systems." }, { "element_id": "oats-oats-seeding-date", "native_crop_id": "oats", "element_type": "plant_density", "element_name": "Early seeding date (early May vs late May)", "claimed_effect": "+17.5 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2008-019", "source_citation": "Seeding date effects on oat yield, quality, and crown rust severity on the Canadian Prairies", "intervention_variable_group": "oats:plant_density", "relative_yield_effect": 0.175, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 17.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Seeding into cold soils (4-7\u00b0C) in early May vs delayed late May seeding across Saskatchewan and Manitoba." }, { "element_id": "oats-oats-crown-rust", "native_crop_id": "oats", "element_type": "pest_disease_management", "element_name": "Crown rust (Puccinia coronata) infection & fungicide protection", "claimed_effect": "+18.6 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-18-0621-RE", "source_citation": "Efficacy of foliar fungicides in managing crown rust and preserving milling quality in oats", "intervention_variable_group": "oats:pest_disease_management", "relative_yield_effect": 0.18600000000000003, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 18.6 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Foliar fungicide application at flag leaf emergence under rust-favorable warm southerly wind spore transport." }, { "element_id": "oats-oats-panicle-drought-stress", "native_crop_id": "oats", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Moisture deficit during panicle emergence and anthesis", "claimed_effect": "-25.5 %", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2018.10.004", "source_citation": "Drought stress during oat reproductive development: Impact on panicle fertility and groat yield", "intervention_variable_group": "oats:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": -0.255, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -25.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Severe drought during boot-to-heading stages (Zadoks 45-55) causing spikelet sterility." } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "okra": { "crop_id": "okra", "crop_name": "Okra", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 11.3464, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Okra", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "okra-n-150-vs-0-manipur-2024", "native_crop_id": "okra", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 150 kg ha\u22121 vs 0 N (cv. Arka Anamika)", "claimed_effect": "N main effect fruit yield 11.42 t ha\u22121 at 0 N vs 15.60 at 125, 17.14 at 150, and 16.53 t ha\u22121 at 175 kg N. Peak at 150 kg N (11.11 kg/plot). Closer spacing S3 19.32 t ha\u22121 (spacing main effect).", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjob/article=2024/view=156950/", "source_citation": "Influence of plant density and nitrogen application on yield and economic viability of okra (cv. Arka Anamika) in Manipur. Research & Reviews: Journal of Botany 2024.", "intervention_variable_group": "okra:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Abelmoschus esculentus cv. Arka Anamika; CAU Imphal, Manipur Apr\u2013Aug 2021; FRBD 3 spacings \u00d7 4 N; US-data gap" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "olive": { "crop_id": "olive", "crop_name": "Olive", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 3.6179, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Olives", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "olive-compost-reduced-n-curtright-2025", "native_crop_id": "olive", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Compost + 25\u201350% less synthetic N in SHD orchards", "claimed_effect": "authors: trees maintained the same yields and oil quality with 25\u201350% less nitrogen than traditional-orchard recommendations.", "effect_direction": "no_significant_effect", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-025-01050-1", "source_citation": "Curtright, A.J. et al. 2025. Compost application and reduced synthetic nitrogen fertilization promote sustainable olive production in super-high-density orchards. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 45.", "intervention_variable_group": "olive:soil_fertility", "relative_yield_effect": 0.5, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 50.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "super-high-density commercial orchards near Woodland and Stockton CA; 2-year replicated field experiment; grower cooperators" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "onion": { "crop_id": "onion", "crop_name": "Onion", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 17.2685, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Onions and shallots, dry (excluding dehydrated)", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "onion-n-rate-82kg-vs-0-yeshiwas-2024", "native_crop_id": "onion", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 82 kg ha\u22121 (urea, split) vs 0 N", "claimed_effect": "marketable bulb yield 26.77 t ha\u22121 at 82 kg N ha\u22121 vs 19.09 t ha\u22121 at 0 N; total bulb yield 26.26 vs 24.97 t ha\u22121; yield declined above 82 kg (123 kg N ha\u22121 not higher). Variety \u00d7 N interaction for yield was not significant.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312394", "source_citation": "Yeshiwas, Y., Alemayehu, M. & Adgo, E. 2024. Enhancing bulb yield through nitrogen fertilization and the use of hybrid onion (Allium cepa L.) varieties in northwest Ethiopia. PLoS ONE 19(10):e0312394.", "intervention_variable_group": "onion:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Allium cepa; irrigated RCBD 4 varieties \u00d7 4 N rates; Koga, Woreta, Woramit, northwest Ethiopia 2021/22; urea 46% N in two splits" }, { "element_id": "onion-hybrid-russet-jambar-vs-bombay-red-yeshiwas-2024", "native_crop_id": "onion", "element_type": "cultivar_selection", "element_name": "Hybrid Russet/Jambar vs open-pollinated Bombay Red", "claimed_effect": "marketable bulb yield Russet 26.50 t ha\u22121 and Jambar 24.57 t ha\u22121 vs Bombay Red 19.86 t ha\u22121 (main effect across N rates and three locations); total yield Russet 26.93 and Jambar 25.08 vs Bombay Red 20.45 t ha\u22121", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312394", "source_citation": "Yeshiwas, Y., Alemayehu, M. & Adgo, E. 2024. Enhancing bulb yield through nitrogen fertilization and the use of hybrid onion (Allium cepa L.) varieties in northwest Ethiopia. PLoS ONE 19(10):e0312394.", "intervention_variable_group": "onion:cultivar_selection", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "same Yeshiwas et al. 2024 trial; hybrids from commercial supplier, Bombay Red from Melkassa ARC; variety \u00d7 N interaction for yield ns" }, { "element_id": "onion-n-rate-150kg-vs-0-bari-piaz4-khan-2024", "native_crop_id": "onion", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 150 kg ha\u22121 vs 0 N, set-to-bulb BARI Piaz-4", "claimed_effect": "bulb yield 22.15 t ha\u22121 at 150 kg N ha\u22121 vs 10.05 t ha\u22121 at 0 N; 180 kg N 21.08 t ha\u22121 and 120 kg N 20.74 t ha\u22121 were statistically similar to 150; individual bulb weight 34.22 g vs 17.32 g at 0 N", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "B", "source_type": "extension_trial", "source_url": "https://objectstorage.ap-dcc-gazipur-1.oraclecloud15.com/n/axvjbnqprylg/b/V2Ministry/o/office-srsc-faridpur/2024/12/0ee6295c2c0e4967a15bb32f9d7b6176.pdf", "source_citation": "Khan, M.A., Rahman, M.M. & Sarker, R. 2024. Nitrogen for onion through set to bulb method (BARI Piaz-4). Spices Research Sub-Centre, BARI, Faridpur, 2023\u201324 annual report.", "intervention_variable_group": "onion:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "BARI Piaz-4; set-to-bulb; Spices Research Sub-Centre Faridpur, Bangladesh; winter 2023\u201324; RCBD 7 N rates 0\u2013180 kg ha\u22121" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "other-wheat": { "crop_id": "other-wheat", "crop_name": "other-wheat", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 4.117, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Wheat, Canada Northern Hard Red (CNHR)", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": false }, "papaya": { "crop_id": "papaya", "crop_name": "Papaya", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Argentina", "normalized_value": 10.9363, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Papayas", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Argentina, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" }, { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "India", "normalized_value": 35.5234, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Papayas", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "tropical", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "India, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "papaya-uh-ctaHR-fn3-extension-guidance", "native_crop_id": "papaya", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "UH-CTAHR Papaya Production in Hawaii (F&N-3)", "claimed_effect": "", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "C", "source_type": "extension_guidance", "source_url": "https://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/oc/freepubs/pdf/F_N-3.pdf", "source_citation": "University of Hawaii CTAHR. Papaya Production in Hawaii. Fruits and Nuts F&N-3.", "intervention_variable_group": "papaya:soil_fertility", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "empty claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "study_context": "Hawaii; fertilizer recommendations without a replicated rate-yield table" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "peach": { "crop_id": "peach", "crop_name": "Peach", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 8.8572, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Peaches and nectarines", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "peach-thinning-bloom-vs-unthinned-horticulturae-2020", "native_crop_id": "peach", "element_type": "pruning_training", "element_name": "Bloom or 21 DAFB thinning vs unthinned trees", "claimed_effect": "authors: thinning at bloom or 21 DAFB improved fruit size vs unthinned trees, but bloom-thinning reduced fruit yield (kg/tree) in one year (flower thinning alone may not be viable in that region).", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae6030041", "source_citation": "Optimizing fruit-thinning strategies in peach (Prunus persica) production. Horticulturae 6(3):41.", "intervention_variable_group": "peach:pruning_training", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "commercial mature Georgia orchards; three years; multiple cultivars" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "pepper": { "crop_id": "pepper", "crop_name": "Pepper", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 34.5776, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Chillies and peppers, green (Capsicum spp. and Pimenta spp.)", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "pepper-pepper-led-interlighting", "native_crop_id": "pepper", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "LED interlighting between two-stem plants", "claimed_effect": "+16.0 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.956.4", "source_citation": "Improving sweet pepper productivity by LED interlighting (Jokinen, S\u00e4rkk\u00e4 & N\u00e4kkil\u00e4 2012)", "intervention_variable_group": "pepper:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": 0.16, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 16.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Greenhouse sweet pepper 'Ferrari', 7.16 stems/m\u00b2, peat, 16-week red-fruit harvest. Intra-canopy PPFD at fruit level was only 5\u201310% of top-of-canopy without LEDs. Marketable yield 14.6 vs 12.6 kg/m\u00b2. Gain mainly from fruit number. Fruit colour deeper red (faster maturity). Electricity cost covered by extra yield at then-current prices; overall profit sensitive to yield gain, fruit price, and install cost." }, { "element_id": "pepper-pepper-far-red-supplement", "native_crop_id": "pepper", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Additional far-red in supplementary lighting", "claimed_effect": "", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113787", "source_citation": "Additional far-red increases fruit yield of greenhouse sweet pepper mainly through enhancing plant source strength (2024)", "intervention_variable_group": "pepper:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "empty claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "24-week greenhouse trial, cultivars 'Gialte' and 'Margrethe'. 190 \u00b5mol m\u207b\u00b2 s\u207b\u00b9 white plus 0, 50, or 100 \u00b5mol m\u207b\u00b2 s\u207b\u00b9 FR. Fruit dry yield increased linearly with cumulative FR. Mechanism: higher plant source strength (dry weight), slight rise in fruit dry-matter fraction, higher fruit set (more fluctuating). Fruit cracking (medium/severe) fell from 17% ('Gialte') and 25% ('Margrethe') without FR to 8% with additional FR." }, { "element_id": "pepper-pepper-green-light-ontario", "native_crop_id": "pepper", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Green photons in LED spectrum (canopy penetration)", "claimed_effect": "+15.0 % fruit weight (upper end)", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2022.111350", "source_citation": "Addition of green light improves fruit weight and dry matter content in sweet pepper due to greater light penetration within the canopy (Lanoue, Little, Hawley & Hao 2022)", "intervention_variable_group": "pepper:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": 0.15, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 15.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Six-month Ontario winter greenhouse, cultivars 'Eurix' and 'Gina', 175 \u00b5mol m\u207b\u00b2 s\u207b\u00b9. Green fractions 0, 12, 24, 43% versus red/blue. Fruit weight +2 to +15% depending on cultivar and green fraction. Fruit dry-matter content rose linearly with green %. Light 3 m down the canopy was 43\u2013158% higher with green." }, { "element_id": "pepper-pepper-long-photoperiod-temp-drop", "native_crop_id": "pepper", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Long photoperiod of supplemental light with end-of-day temperature drop", "claimed_effect": "", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2017.1182.22", "source_citation": "Temperature drop improved responses of greenhouse fruit vegetables to long photoperiod of supplemental lighting (Hao, Zhang, Guo, Little, Zheng & Khosla 2017)", "intervention_variable_group": "pepper:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "empty claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "AAFC Harrow, 3 winters, tomato and sweet pepper. 16\u201317 h vs 20\u201321 h overhead HPS; intra-canopy LED photoperiods 0\u201324 h. Dynamic temperature integration dropped to 15.5\u00b0C (pepper) or 13.5\u00b0C (tomato) at end of photoperiod, same 24-h mean. Temperature drop reduced photo-injury (chlorosis, necrotic spotting) and increased fruit yield at long photoperiods, and cut heating energy in cold months." }, { "element_id": "pepper-pepper-heat-fruit-set-alberta", "native_crop_id": "pepper", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Air temperature above 27\u00b0C reducing fruit set; root-zone below 20\u00b0C increasing abortion", "claimed_effect": "", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "C", "source_type": "extension_guidance", "source_url": "https://www.alberta.ca/production-of-sweet-bell-peppers", "source_citation": "Production of sweet bell peppers (Government of Alberta)", "intervention_variable_group": "pepper:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "empty claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Alberta Agriculture greenhouse pepper guide. Fruit set declines above 27\u00b0C and under low RH. At 32\u201338\u00b0C style elongation reduces set (Khah & Passam 1992). Optimum 24-h temperature for yield ~21\u00b0C; flowering/set optimum ~16\u00b0C night/target. Root-zone ~15\u00b0C keeps plants vegetative and increases flower/young-fruit abortion versus 20\u00b0C. Pad-and-fan or mist usually required to hold targets in Alberta summers." }, { "element_id": "pepper-pepper-heat-greenhouse-trial-2025", "native_crop_id": "pepper", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Sustained greenhouse heat (+2\u00b0C daytime setpoint)", "claimed_effect": "-35.0 % fruit mass (PHR18 at 75 days)", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1590193", "source_citation": "Simulation of the impacts of high temperature stress on pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) yields (2025)", "intervention_variable_group": "pepper:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": -0.35, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -35.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Two plastic greenhouses, Korea 2022\u20132023. Daytime 28\u00b0C vs 30\u00b0C. Accession PHR18: \u221245% total mass and \u221234% fruit at 35 days; \u221235% total and \u221232% fruit at 75 days. PHR23 initially gained fruit (+64% at 35 days) then lost \u221235% fruit by 75 days. Cultivar \u00d7 duration interaction." }, { "element_id": "pepper-pepper-winter-lighting-density", "native_crop_id": "pepper", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "High-intensity winter lighting with optimized plant density (high latitude)", "claimed_effect": "", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21491", "source_citation": "Enhanced sweet pepper yield through high-intensity artificial lighting and optimized plant density in high-latitude winter production (2026)", "intervention_variable_group": "pepper:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "empty claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "High-latitude winter sweet pepper under high-intensity artificial lighting with optimized plant density. PeerJ 2026 reports enhanced yield from combining lighting intensity and density. Use as a density \u00d7 light interaction, not a standalone density percentage." } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "pineapple": { "crop_id": "pineapple", "crop_name": "Pineapple", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Angola", "normalized_value": 21.0726, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Pineapples", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Angola, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" }, { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Costa Rica", "normalized_value": 58.8319, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Pineapples", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "tropical", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Costa Rica, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "pineapple-density-low-vs-high-djido-2021", "native_crop_id": "pineapple", "element_type": "plant_density", "element_name": "Planting density 54,400 vs 74,000 plants ha\u22121 (cv. Sugarloaf)", "claimed_effect": "authors: The yield increased from 54.9\u201369.1 up to 90.1 t.ha\u22121 with an increase in the planting density. The increase in the yield from low planting density to high planting density varied between 25 and 33%. Yield increase was not at the expense of fruit weight (density ns on fruit weight).", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.627808", "source_citation": "Djido, U., Fassinou Hotegni, N.V., Lommen, W.J.M., Hounhouigan, J.D., Achigan-Dako, E.G. & Struik, P.C. 2021. Effect of planting density and K2O:N ratio on the yield\u2026 of pineapple fruits in Benin. Frontiers in Plant Science 12:627808.", "intervention_variable_group": "pineapple:plant_density", "relative_yield_effect": 0.33, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 33.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "study_context": "Ananas comosus cv. Sugarloaf; four on-farm experiments, Atlantic Department, Benin; split-plot density \u00d7 K2O:N" }, { "element_id": "pineapple-uh-ctaHR-fn7-extension-guidance", "native_crop_id": "pineapple", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "UH-CTAHR Pineapple Cultivation in Hawaii (F&N-7)", "claimed_effect": "", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "C", "source_type": "extension_guidance", "source_url": "https://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/oc/freepubs/pdf/F_N-7.pdf", "source_citation": "University of Hawaii CTAHR. Pineapple Cultivation in Hawaii. Fruits and Nuts F&N-7 (2002).", "intervention_variable_group": "pineapple:soil_fertility", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "empty claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "study_context": "Hawaii; 2002 cultivation guide, not a replicated yield table" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "pistachio": { "crop_id": "pistachio", "crop_name": "Pistachio", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 1.321, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Pistachios, in shell", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "pistachio-foliar-null-lovatt-beede-frep-09-0584", "native_crop_id": "pistachio", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Foliar N/B/Zn/K strategies vs untreated control", "claimed_effect": "authors: no foliar fertilizer treatment significantly increased total dry weight of split nuts per tree in either year; no effect on 2-year cumulative yield. Year 1 mean 19.8 kg split nuts/tree vs Year 2 7.9 (P<0.0001) from alternate bearing, not fertilizer. Control Year 1 19.6 kg/tree.", "effect_direction": "no_significant_effect", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/is/ffldrs/frep/pdfs/completedprojects/09-0584Lovatt.pdf", "source_citation": "Lovatt, C.J. & Beede, R.H. Towards development of foliar fertilization strategies for pistachio\u2026 CDFA FREP Agreement 09-0584.", "intervention_variable_group": "pistachio:soil_fertility", "relative_yield_effect": 0.0, "relative_effect_basis": "null yield effect stored as 0 relative change", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "15-yr-old Kerman on Pioneer Gold 1; Paramount Farming orchard, Kings County CA; RCB 11\u201312 treatments \u00d7 15 single-tree reps; 2 years" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "potato": { "crop_id": "potato", "crop_name": "Potato", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 13.6396, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Potatoes", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100077", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "2025-07", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 316.1431, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Fresh potatoes [114211]", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210007701", "source_title": "Farm product prices, crops and livestock", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "potato-npk-fertiliser-meta-china-li-2025", "native_crop_id": "potato", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "NPK fertiliser vs no fertilisation (China potato meta-analysis)", "claimed_effect": "authors: fertilisation increased tuber yield 33.64% vs no fertilisation (180 studies, 1583 observation pairs); single N, P, or K +33.64, +23.37, +16.18%; combined NP, NK, PK +33.64, +36.34, +19.12%; NPK together +49.18%", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17221/514/2025-PSE", "source_citation": "Li, S., Zeng, L. & Zhao, L. 2025. Response of potato tuber yield to NPK fertiliser in China: a meta-analysis. Plant, Soil and Environment 71(12):883\u2013890.", "intervention_variable_group": "potato:soil_fertility", "relative_yield_effect": 0.33640000000000003, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 33.64 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Solanum tuberosum; China only; climate, soil nutrients, and planting strategies as covariates; precipitation then cultivar then soil K availability ranked as strongest modifiers" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": true }, "pumpkin": { "crop_id": "pumpkin", "crop_name": "Pumpkin", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 34.147, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Pumpkins, squash and gourds", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "pumpkin-illinois-2018-variety-johanning", "native_crop_id": "pumpkin", "element_type": "cultivar_selection", "element_name": "2018 Illinois pumpkin cultivar trial", "claimed_effect": "replicated Midwestern land-grant cultivar comparison (University of Illinois Extension; Purdue Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports).", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "B", "source_type": "extension_trial", "source_url": "https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/fvtrials/169/", "source_citation": "Johanning, N.R. 2018. 2018 pumpkin variety trial. Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports. Purdue e-Pubs.", "intervention_variable_group": "pumpkin:cultivar_selection", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Illinois 2018 pumpkin variety trial; part of Midwest compilation" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "raspberry": { "crop_id": "raspberry", "crop_name": "Raspberry", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Australia", "normalized_value": 2.7061, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Raspberries", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Australia, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "raspberry-pollinator-exclusion-marketable-set-ryan-2023", "native_crop_id": "raspberry", "element_type": "pollination_management", "element_name": "Insect pollination vs pollinator exclusion (marketable fruit set)", "claimed_effect": "authors: average reduction in marketable fruit set of 68.2% when pollinators excluded (Diamond Jubilee 70.4%, Sapphire 66.4%; D = 0.68) across two cultivars and three years. Hand supplementation of open flowers did not raise marketable set above insect-pollinated branches.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10044", "source_citation": "Ryan, I.C., Shutt, J.D. & Dicks, L.V. 2023. The importance of multi-year studies and commercial yield metrics in measuring pollinator dependence ratios: a case study in UK raspberries Rubus idaeus L. Ecology and Evolution 13(5):e10044.", "intervention_variable_group": "raspberry:pollination_management", "relative_yield_effect": 0.682, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 68.2 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Rubus idaeus commercial farm near Reading, England 2019\u20132021; cvs Diamond Jubilee and Sapphire; fruit set, marketable fruit set, fruit weight" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "rye": { "crop_id": "rye", "crop_name": "Rye", "category": "Ineligible Crops / Field and Grain Crops", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 3.587, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Rye, all", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100077", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "2026-07", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 255.05, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Rye [1151152]", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210007701", "source_title": "Farm product prices, crops and livestock", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "safflower": { "crop_id": "safflower", "crop_name": "Safflower", "category": "Ineligible Crops / Oil Seed Crops (including oil and non-oil cultivars)", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2002", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 0.38, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Safflower", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": false }, "soybeans": { "crop_id": "soybeans", "crop_name": "soybeans", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2019", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 1.856, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Soybeans", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": false }, "spinach": { "crop_id": "spinach", "crop_name": "Spinach", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 14.8534, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Spinach", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "spinach-n-rate-0-to-300-null-canali-2014", "native_crop_id": "spinach", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen 0, 150, 225, 300 kg ha\u22121 on overwinter processing spinach", "claimed_effect": "authors: fresh and dry yield among fertilizing treatments were similar; processing spinach yielded 37.8 t ha\u22121 fresh and 3.6 t ha\u22121 dry (two-experiment mean). N dose strongly influenced leaf NO3\u2212 (1286 mg kg\u22121 mean) but not \u03b2-carotene or lutein. Authors recommend 225 kg N ha\u22121 as a maximum for the Foggia plain trade-off, not as a yield peak vs zero.", "effect_direction": "no_significant_effect", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2013.11.013", "source_citation": "Canali, S. et al. 2014. Alternative strategies for nitrogen fertilization of overwinter processing spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in Southern Italy. European Journal of Agronomy 54:47\u201355.", "intervention_variable_group": "spinach:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": 0.0, "relative_effect_basis": "null yield effect stored as 0 relative change", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Spinacia oleracea processing crop; Southern Italy, two-year field trial; Experiment 1 N doses 0/150/225/300 kg ha\u22121" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "spring-wheat": { "crop_id": "spring-wheat", "crop_name": "spring-wheat", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 4.011, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Wheat, spring", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "1984", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 162.0, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Wheat, spring", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, yield, production, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops, in metric and imperial units", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "st-john-s-wort": { "crop_id": "st-john-s-wort", "crop_name": "St. John\u2019s Wort", "category": "Medicinal Herbs", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "Europe (reference)", "normalized_value": 2.5, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "St. John's Wort (dry herb)", "source_url": "https://www.richters.com/", "source_title": "St. John's Wort growing information", "publisher": "Richters Herbs; Ukrainian field trial reporting", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "Europe (reference), curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "st-john-s-wort-n250-p100-vs-0-azizi-2002", "native_crop_id": "st-john-s-wort", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "250 kg N + 100 kg P ha\u22121 vs unfertilised control", "claimed_effect": "authors: highest herb yield 1053.9 g m\u22122 at 250 kg N + 100 kg P vs 745.8 g m\u22122 in the control. NP-supply also increased flowering stems and hypericin; all fertiliser treatments raised herb Cd vs control (highest Cd 0.269 mg kg\u22121 at 250 N + 200 P vs 0.091 in control).", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2002.576.39", "source_citation": "Azizi, M. & Omidbaigi, R. 2002. Effect of NP supply on herb yield, hypericin content and cadmium accumulation of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.). Acta Horticulturae 576:267\u2013271.", "intervention_variable_group": "st-john-s-wort:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Hypericum perforatum cv. Topas; Tarbiat Modarres University near Tehran; two seasons 1998\u20131999; N 0/150/250 \u00d7 P 0/100/200 kg ha\u22121" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "stevia": { "crop_id": "stevia", "crop_name": "Stevia", "category": "Medicinal Herbs", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "mild-temperate / western US (reference)", "normalized_value": 2.9, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Stevia (dry leaf)", "source_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/", "source_title": "Stevia yield under mild-temperate and western US conditions", "publisher": "Mahajan et al. 2021; Shock, HortScience 2016", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "mild-temperate / western US (reference), curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "stevia-n-urea-100-vs-0-poland-2024", "native_crop_id": "stevia", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Urea or ammonium nitrate 100\u2013150 kg N ha\u22121 vs 0 N", "claimed_effect": "Table 3: plant yield 13770 \u00b1 2010 kg ha\u22121 (control) vs 24370 \u00b1 4900 (urea 100) and 24330 \u00b1 2510 (ammonium nitrate 150); leaf yield 7630 \u00b1 400 vs 14900 \u00b1 2860 (urea 100) and 14830 \u00b1 1630 (AN 150). Authors: 100 or 150 kg N as urea or AN increased yield.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29081865", "source_citation": "\u015aniegowska, J., Biesiada, A. & Gasi\u0144ski, A. 2024. Influence of the nitrogen fertilization on the yield, biometric characteristics and chemical composition of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni grown in Poland. Molecules 29(8):1865.", "intervention_variable_group": "stevia:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Stevia rebaudiana; three consecutive field years in Poland; urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate at 50/100/150 kg N ha\u22121" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "strawberry": { "crop_id": "strawberry", "crop_name": "Strawberry", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 53.6072, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Strawberries", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "strawberry-silver-black-mulch-full-drip-saridas-2021", "native_crop_id": "strawberry", "element_type": "irrigation_practice", "element_name": "Silver-on-black polyethylene mulch + full drip (Ir100) vs no mulch + Ir100", "claimed_effect": "land productivity 71.9 t ha\u22121 under silver-on-black + Ir100 vs 59.4 black + Ir100, 52.1 transparent + Ir100, and 51.5 no mulch + Ir100; Ir50 reduced growth/yield parameters except IWUE", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106568", "source_citation": "Sar\u0131da\u015f, M.A., Kapur, B., \u00c7eliktopuz, E., \u015eahiner, Y. & Karg\u0131, S.P. 2021. Land productivity, irrigation water use efficiency and fruit quality under various plastic mulch colors and irrigation regimes of strawberry in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Agricultural Water Management 245:106568.", "intervention_variable_group": "strawberry:irrigation_practice", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Fragaria \u00d7 ananassa cv. Fortuna; high tunnel; eastern Mediterranean Turkey 2016\u20132017; split-plot 4 replicates; drip; mulches silver-on-black, black, transparent, none \u00d7 Ir100/Ir50" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "sugar-beets": { "crop_id": "sugar-beets", "crop_name": "sugar-beets", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 75.984, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Sugar beets", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "1984", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 31.5, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Sugar beets", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, yield, production, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops, in metric and imperial units", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "sugar-beet-sugar-beet-n-rate", "native_crop_id": "sugar-beet", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen application rate and recoverable sugar balance", "claimed_effect": "+22.0 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2011-067", "source_citation": "Nitrogen management for maximizing root yield and recoverable sugar in irrigated sugar beet in Alberta", "intervention_variable_group": "sugar-beet:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": 0.22, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 22.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Targeting 100-140 kg N/ha on irrigated soils in Southern Alberta; excessive N reduces sucrose percentage and raises amino-N impurities." }, { "element_id": "sugar-beet-sugar-beet-biostimulant-glycine-betaine", "native_crop_id": "sugar-beet", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Biostimulants: Glycine betaine & potassium silicate foliar", "claimed_effect": "+9.5 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112614", "source_citation": "Exogenous glycine betaine enhances osmoprotection, photosynthetic stability and sugar yield in Beta vulgaris", "intervention_variable_group": "sugar-beet:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.095, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 9.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Foliar application at 8-12 leaf stage prior to peak mid-summer heat and osmotic stress under irrigation." }, { "element_id": "sugar-beet-sugar-beet-irrigation-scheduling", "native_crop_id": "sugar-beet", "element_type": "irrigation_practice", "element_name": "Precision irrigation scheduling (maintaining >60% ASW)", "claimed_effect": "+28.0 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-098", "source_citation": "Irrigation scheduling and deficit management in sugar beet production in the Bow River and St. Mary River Irrigation Districts", "intervention_variable_group": "sugar-beet:irrigation_practice", "relative_yield_effect": 0.28, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 28.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Soil-moisture probe guided pivot/drip irrigation maintaining available soil water (ASW) above 60% from canopy closure to ripening." }, { "element_id": "sugar-beet-sugar-beet-cercospora", "native_crop_id": "sugar-beet", "element_type": "pest_disease_management", "element_name": "Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) fungicide program", "claimed_effect": "+24.5 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-19-1704-RE", "source_citation": "Fungicide efficacy and resistance management for Cercospora beticola in northern sugar beet production", "intervention_variable_group": "sugar-beet:pest_disease_management", "relative_yield_effect": 0.245, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 24.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Rotational application of multi-site and systemic fungicides based on Daily Infection Values (DIV >6) under warm, humid canopy microclimates." }, { "element_id": "sugar-beet-sugar-beet-rhizoctonia", "native_crop_id": "sugar-beet", "element_type": "pest_disease_management", "element_name": "Rhizoctonia crown and root rot management", "claimed_effect": "-38.0 %", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2017.06.014", "source_citation": "Epidemiology and chemical/genetic management of Rhizoctonia crown and root rot in sugar beet", "intervention_variable_group": "sugar-beet:pest_disease_management", "relative_yield_effect": -0.38, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -38.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Soilborne Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2 infection in warm (>25\u00b0C), poorly drained or over-irrigated soils." }, { "element_id": "sugar-beet-aonr-unl-mitchell-agj2-21617", "native_crop_id": "sugar-beet", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Agronomic optimum N for irrigated sugar beet (root vs sugar yield)", "claimed_effect": "authors: agronomic optimum N 166 kg ha\u22121 for sugar yield vs 179 kg ha\u22121 for root yield (UNL Panhandle REEC, Mitchell NE, 2020\u20132022).", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.21617", "source_citation": "Optimizing nitrogen management to enhance irrigated sugar beet yield and quality. Agronomy Journal. DOI 10.1002/agj2.21617.", "intervention_variable_group": "sugar-beet:soil_fertility", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "irrigated sugar beet; Mitchell, NE 2020\u20132022" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "sunflower": { "crop_id": "sunflower", "crop_name": "sunflower", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2019", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 2.439, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Sunflower seed", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "1973", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 194.0, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Sunflower seed", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, yield, production, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops, in metric and imperial units", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "sweet-corn": { "crop_id": "sweet-corn", "crop_name": "Sweet Corn", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Antigua and Barbuda", "normalized_value": 3.5616, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Green corn (maize)", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Antigua and Barbuda, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "sweet-corn-n-timing-site-year-paranhos-2025", "native_crop_id": "sweet-corn", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "N rate 224\u2013336 kg ha\u22121 \u00d7 emergence/sidedress timing, GA/AL", "claimed_effect": "authors: yield not significantly affected by N treatment; location main effect Alabama 2022 17,380 kg ha\u22121 vs Georgia 2020 15,951 and Alabama 2021 14,470. Highest site-year used moderate N (224\u2013280 kg ha\u22121).", "effect_direction": "no_significant_effect", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen6020020", "source_citation": "Paranhos, J. et al. 2025. Impacts of nitrogen fertilizer application timing and rate on sweet corn production under subtropical environmental conditions. Nitrogen 6(2):20.", "intervention_variable_group": "sweet-corn:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": 0.0, "relative_effect_basis": "null yield effect stored as 0 relative change", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Zea mays var. rugosa; Vidalia GA 2020 and E.V. Smith AL 2021\u20132022; loamy sand" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "sweet-potato": { "crop_id": "sweet-potato", "crop_name": "Sweet Potato", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Angola", "normalized_value": 10.601, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Sweet potatoes", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Angola, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "sweet-potato-n-application-meta-china-ji-2024", "native_crop_id": "sweet-potato", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen fertiliser vs no N (China sweetpotato meta-analysis)", "claimed_effect": "authors: N application increased fresh tuber yield 1.7% and single-tuber weight 3.2%, and reduced tubers per plant 1.2% (45 papers, 288 yield groups). Peak yield increment at N <75 kg ha\u22121; higher N generally smaller increments. With K2O 150\u2013225 kg ha\u22121, yield increment 10.5%.", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.11674/zwyf.2024056", "source_citation": "Ji, H., Zhao, H., Zeng, Y., Cheng, R., Wang, S., Wang, Y. & Zhao, H. 2024. Meta-analysis on the effect and influence factors of nitrogen application on tuber yield of sweet potato in China. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers 30(8):1606\u20131620.", "intervention_variable_group": "sweet-potato:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": 0.017, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 1.7 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Ipomoea batatas; China; northern vs Yangtze vs southern regions; fresh vs starch types; control yield level modifies response" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "tomatoes": { "crop_id": "tomatoes", "crop_name": "tomatoes", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Albania", "normalized_value": 47.5758, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Tomatoes", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Albania, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo-tomato-led-supplemental-meta", "native_crop_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Supplemental LED lighting (top and/or intra-canopy)", "claimed_effect": "+40.0 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.596927", "source_citation": "Supplemental LED Lighting Effectively Enhances the Yield and Quality of Greenhouse Truss Tomato Production: Results of a Meta-Analysis (Appolloni et al. 2021)", "intervention_variable_group": "tomato-including-tomatillo:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": 0.4, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 40.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Greenhouse truss tomato. Treatment = solar + supplemental LED, or solar + HPS + LED, versus solar-only or solar + HPS. Effects vary with spectrum, photoperiod, and background DLI; some individual trials were null or negative." }, { "element_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo-tomato-co2-vegetable-meta", "native_crop_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Elevated CO2 (vegetable meta-analysis, includes tomato)", "claimed_effect": "+32.9 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1296.36", "source_citation": "The impact of elevated CO2 on yield of vegetables (Dong, Gruda, Li & Duan 2020)", "intervention_variable_group": "tomato-including-tomatillo:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": 0.32899999999999996, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 32.9 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Meta-analysis of 114 articles on vegetable yield under elevated CO2. Fresh-yield mean +32.9% (n=7324 observations); dry-yield +38.2% (n=1583). Tomato-specific greenhouse responses in the broader literature range from about +7% to more than +100% depending on concentration (often 450\u20131200 ppm) and light." }, { "element_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo-tomato-light-co2-interaction", "native_crop_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Combined supplemental light and CO2 enrichment", "claimed_effect": "+60.8 % yield/plant", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/54/2/article-p246.xml", "source_citation": "Interaction of Supplementary Light and CO2 Enrichment Improves Growth, Photosynthesis, Yield, and Quality of Tomato in Autumn through Spring Greenhouse Production (Pan et al. 2019)", "intervention_variable_group": "tomato-including-tomatillo:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": 0.608, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 60.8 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Autumn\u2013spring greenhouse tomato. CO2 enrichment alone +19.0% yield/plant; supplemental light alone +35.6%; combined +60.8%. Single-fruit weight +16.2%, +28.9%, and +36.6% respectively." }, { "element_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo-tomato-grafting-meta", "native_crop_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo", "element_type": "cultivar_selection", "element_name": "Heterografting onto tomato rootstocks", "claimed_effect": "37.0 % (mean of all heterografts)", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-018-0507-5", "source_citation": "Yield and fruit quality of grafted tomatoes, and their potential for soil fumigant use reduction. A meta-analysis (Grieneisen et al. 2018)", "intervention_variable_group": "tomato-including-tomatillo:cultivar_selection", "relative_yield_effect": 0.37, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 37.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "159 publications, 202 rootstocks, 1023 treatments, open-field and greenhouse. Mean +37% across all heterograft data, but grafted plants were significantly higher-yielding in only 35% of cases; no difference in 58%; lower in 6%. Self-grafts \u2248 non-grafted." }, { "element_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo-tomato-bumblebee-pollination", "native_crop_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo", "element_type": "plant_density", "element_name": "Bumble bee buzz-pollination versus no visit or hormone set", "claimed_effect": "+53.1 percentage points fruit set", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-94.1.172", "source_citation": "Effect of bumble bee pollination intensity on the quality of greenhouse tomatoes (Morandin, Laverty & Kevan 2001)", "intervention_variable_group": "tomato-including-tomatillo:plant_density", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Commercial Leamington, Ontario tomato greenhouses. Fruit set 30.2% with no bee visits versus 83.3\u2013100% at bruising levels 1\u20134. Weight and diameter rose from zero visits to one visit; no further weight gain above bruising level 1, no further seed gain above level 2. Colony density 7\u201315 hives/ha typically sufficient." }, { "element_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo-tomato-bacillus-biofertilizer-meta", "native_crop_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Bacillus spp. biofertilizer / PGPR", "claimed_effect": "+1.914 SMD fruit number", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41028103/", "source_citation": "Meta-analysis of biofertilizer effects of Bacillus species on tomato yield (2025)", "intervention_variable_group": "tomato-including-tomatillo:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Meta-analysis of 15 tomato studies (from 398 screened). Random-effects SMDs: fruit number 1.914 (95% CI 1.432\u20132.395); fruit weight 2.08 (1.42\u20132.73); fruit diameter 1.39 (0.29\u20132.48). Heterogeneity I\u00b2 up to 80.6%. Moderators: strain, dose, application method, DAP, temperature." }, { "element_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo-tomato-diffuse-glass", "native_crop_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Diffuse greenhouse glass (haze 45\u201371%)", "claimed_effect": "+11.0 % (upper of 8\u201311% range)", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/influence-of-diffuse-glass-on-the-growth-and-production-of-tomato", "source_citation": "Influence of diffuse glass on the growth and production of tomato (Dueck, Janse, Li, Kempkes & Eveleens 2012)", "intervention_variable_group": "tomato-including-tomatillo:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": 0.11, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 11.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Wageningen commercial-management tomato crop, Dec 2010\u2013Nov 2011. Diffuse glass haze 45/62/71% with transmission \u2265 standard glass vs clear glass. Production +7\u20139% by June and +8\u201311% by year-end. Mainly heavier fruit (+5\u20138 g). Slightly more generative; less late-season Botrytis. Commercial grower pairs later showed ~8% higher radiation-use efficiency under diffuse roofs." }, { "element_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo-tomato-deficit-irrigation-veg-meta", "native_crop_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo", "element_type": "irrigation_practice", "element_name": "Deficit irrigation (vegetable meta-analysis; greenhouse vs field)", "claimed_effect": "-5.5 % (tomato at >80% of full irrigation)", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01433-w", "source_citation": "A global meta-analysis of yield and water productivity responses of vegetables to deficit irrigation (2021)", "intervention_variable_group": "tomato-including-tomatillo:irrigation_practice", "relative_yield_effect": -0.055, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -5.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Global vegetable deficit-irrigation meta-analysis. Yield penalty rises as irrigation falls below ~65% of full irrigation. Greenhouse DI cut yield less than open-field DI; greenhouse water-productivity gain 18.4% vs 13.6% in the field. Tomato: significant WP gain with as little as 5.5% yield reduction at low deficit (>80% FI)." }, { "element_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo-tomato-water-n-optimum-meta", "native_crop_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Cutting supra-optimal water and nitrogen to the agronomic optimum", "claimed_effect": "+9.8 % (from excess water down to optimum)", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2018.08.013", "source_citation": "Water- and nitrogen-saving potentials in tomato production: A meta-analysis (Du et al. 2018)", "intervention_variable_group": "tomato-including-tomatillo:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": 0.098, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 9.8 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Meta-analysis of 49 tomato studies, 733 observations, 10 countries. Moving supra-optimal water to optimal: yield +9.8%, WUE +19.6%, NUE +3.7%. Moving supra-optimal N to optimal: yield +5.6%, WUE +6.3%, NUE +50.5%. Water and N savings of 41% (240 mm) and 37% (138 kg N/ha) without yield loss when starting from excess." }, { "element_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo-tomato-vpd-calcium-yield", "native_crop_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Lowering high VPD to restore fruit calcium and marketable yield", "claimed_effect": "", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0098847222000089", "source_citation": "Reducing vapor pressure deficit improves calcium absorption by optimizing plant structure, stomatal morphology, and aquaporins in tomatoes (2022)", "intervention_variable_group": "tomato-including-tomatillo:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "empty claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "High greenhouse VPD (often 3\u20135 kPa after sunrise in arid houses) limits fruit calcium, raises blossom-end rot and cracking, and cuts yield. Reducing VPD increased fruit and peel calcium, yield, and yield-WUE in two cultivars. Stage-specific VPD (higher at flowering, lower at fruit expansion) has been proposed to raise fruit Ca without continuous humidification." }, { "element_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo-tomato-ber-calcium-solution", "native_crop_id": "tomato-including-tomatillo", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Blossom-end rot incidence under varied nutrient-solution calcium", "claimed_effect": "14.0 % of fruit with BER (upper of 11.6\u201314%)", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.927.47", "source_citation": "Incidence of tomato blossom-end rot at different calcium levels (2012)", "intervention_variable_group": "tomato-including-tomatillo:soil_fertility", "relative_yield_effect": -0.14, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -14.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Four rockwool tomato cultivars. Nutrient-solution Ca nitrate at \u221250%, standard (0.85 mmol/L), +50%, and +100% from week 4. BER-affected fruit 11.6\u201314% overall; cultivars 9.3\u201321.3%; treatment \u00d7 cultivar 7.1\u201322.5%. Marketable yield 13.77\u201325.24 kg/m\u00b2. Ca concentration alone did not eliminate BER; microclimate for Ca transport remained essential." } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "triticale": { "crop_id": "triticale", "crop_name": "triticale", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 4.272, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Triticale", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": false }, "walnut": { "crop_id": "walnut", "crop_name": "Walnut", "category": "Fruits and Tree Nuts", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 3.4996, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Walnuts, in shell", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "walnut-sdi-33-50-75-vs-100-chandler", "native_crop_id": "walnut", "element_type": "irrigation_practice", "element_name": "Sustained deficit irrigation 33/50/75% vs 100% control", "claimed_effect": "cv. Chandler 6.7 / 6.4 / 12.2 kg/tree under SDI33/50/75 vs 13.9 kg/tree at C100; cv. Cisco 8.0 / 11.6 / 11 / 15.6 kg/tree. Three years.", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12197118/", "source_citation": "Yield and quality of walnuts subjected to deficit irrigation in mountainous water-starved environments. PMC12197118.", "intervention_variable_group": "walnut:irrigation_practice", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "mountainous water-starved environments; Chandler and Cisco; 3 years" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "watermelon": { "crop_id": "watermelon", "crop_name": "Watermelon", "category": "Vegetables", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "faostat_qcl_yield", "source_tier": "B", "reference_date": "2024", "region": "Afghanistan", "normalized_value": 15.5313, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Watermelons", "source_url": "https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL", "source_title": "FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products (QCL) Yield", "publisher": "FAO FAOSTAT", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "national_average", "region_country_detail": "Afghanistan, national average, FAOSTAT QCL 2024", "source_stated_context": "FAOSTAT QCL methodology: all yields per hectare are computed from detailed area and production data expressed in hectares and tonnes. Flag A=Official figure; E=Estimated value; I=Value imputed by a receiving agency. The QCL notes do not classify input intensity (commercial vs smallholder) or production system (open-field vs irrigated).", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "wheat": { "crop_id": "wheat", "crop_name": "Wheat", "category": "Ineligible Crops / Field and Grain Crops", "baselines": [], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "wheat-wheat-n-rate", "native_crop_id": "wheat", "element_type": "soil_fertility", "element_name": "Nitrogen rate and split application timing", "claimed_effect": "+24.0 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps03038", "source_citation": "Nitrogen management for spring wheat yield and protein in Western Canada", "intervention_variable_group": "wheat:soil_fertility:nitrogen", "relative_yield_effect": 0.24, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 24.0 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Calibrated N application (90-130 kg N/ha) with split or post-flag leaf foliar N under adequate moisture in Western Canadian spring wheat." }, { "element_id": "wheat-wheat-biostimulant-humic-amino", "native_crop_id": "wheat", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Biostimulants: Humic substances & protein hydrolysates", "claimed_effect": "+11.2 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.842782", "source_citation": "Humic substances and plant-derived amino acids enhance wheat physiological resilience and yield under water deficit", "intervention_variable_group": "wheat:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.11199999999999999, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 11.2 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Foliar and soil application of humic/fulvic acids and plant amino acids at tillering and stem elongation (Zadoks 30-32)." }, { "element_id": "wheat-wheat-mycorrhizal-pgpr-inoculation", "native_crop_id": "wheat", "element_type": "biostimulant_inoculant", "element_name": "Biological inputs: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) & PGPR", "claimed_effect": "+9.8 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104168", "source_citation": "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and bacterial co-inoculation improve spring wheat productivity and phosphorus uptake", "intervention_variable_group": "wheat:biostimulant_inoculant", "relative_yield_effect": 0.098, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 9.8 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis and Azospirillum brasilense in zero-till spring wheat systems." }, { "element_id": "wheat-wheat-seeding-density", "native_crop_id": "wheat", "element_type": "plant_density", "element_name": "Optimum seeding density (250-350 plants/m2)", "claimed_effect": "+13.5 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2011-042", "source_citation": "Spring wheat seeding rate, cultivar, and pest management interactions in Western Canada", "intervention_variable_group": "wheat:plant_density", "relative_yield_effect": 0.135, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 13.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Seeding targeting 250-350 viable plants/m2 (23-32 plants/ft2) compared to sparse stands (<180 plants/m2)." }, { "element_id": "wheat-wheat-fusarium-fungicide", "native_crop_id": "wheat", "element_type": "pest_disease_management", "element_name": "Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) fungicide timing at anthesis", "claimed_effect": "+16.8 %", "effect_direction": "increase", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-92-9-1336", "source_citation": "Efficacy of fungicides for Fusarium head blight control and deoxynivalenol reduction in wheat", "intervention_variable_group": "wheat:pest_disease_management", "relative_yield_effect": 0.168, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent 16.8 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Application of triazole/SDHI chemistries at early flowering (Zadoks 60-65) with angled nozzles under FHB-favorable warm, humid conditions." }, { "element_id": "wheat-wheat-drought-stress", "native_crop_id": "wheat", "element_type": "protected_environment", "element_name": "Terminal drought and heat stress during grain filling", "claimed_effect": "-27.5 %", "effect_direction": "decrease", "source_tier": "A", "source_type": "peer_reviewed", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.06.015", "source_citation": "Drought and heat stress in wheat: Physiological mechanisms and breeding strategies", "intervention_variable_group": "wheat:protected_environment", "relative_yield_effect": -0.275, "relative_effect_basis": "parsed percent -27.5 from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Water deficit (<150 mm available moisture) coupled with temperatures >32\u00b0C during milk-to-dough stages (Zadoks 71-85)." } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": false }, "wheat-all": { "crop_id": "wheat-all", "crop_name": "wheat-all", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 3.834, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Wheat, all", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "1984", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 163.0, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Wheat, all", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, yield, production, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops, in metric and imperial units", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true }, "winter-squash": { "crop_id": "winter-squash", "crop_name": "winter-squash", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "literature_yield_reference", "source_tier": "C", "reference_date": "reference", "region": "New England (reference)", "normalized_value": 33.625507, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Squash, winter", "source_url": "https://www.uvm.edu/vtvegandberry/factsheets/vegetableberryyields.pdf", "source_title": "Vegetable and Berry Crop Yield Estimates for New England", "publisher": "University of Vermont Extension (Vern Grubinger)", "transferability_to_target": "requires_controlled_environment", "climate_zone": "unspecified", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "reference_estimate", "region_country_detail": "New England (reference), curated literature reference", "source_stated_context": "Curated literature reference, not an official statistical series. Same non-US caution as FAOSTAT: flagged requires_controlled_environment as a review flag on every entry regardless of whether the source crop is tropical or temperate, consistent with the FAOSTAT default above -- it means 'not independently verified for Alberta', not literally 'needs a greenhouse'. See source_stated_context on the individual observation for the specific researched range and citation.", "geographic_scope": "non_US" } ], "prices": [], "interventions": [ { "element_id": "squash-zucchini-ncsu-2020-cultivar", "native_crop_id": "squash-summer-and-winter", "element_type": "cultivar_selection", "element_name": "2020 NC State zucchini cultivar evaluations", "claimed_effect": "RCB, four replications, Central Crops Research Station Clayton NC; graded marketable yield (fancy/#2/cull) by cultivar.", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "B", "source_type": "extension_trial", "source_url": "https://cucurbits.ces.ncsu.edu/growing-cucurbits/variety-trials/2020-zucchini-squash-cultivar-evaluations/", "source_citation": "NC State Cucurbits. 2020 zucchini squash cultivar evaluations.", "intervention_variable_group": "squash-summer-and-winter:cultivar_selection", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "Cucurbita pepo zucchini; Clayton NC 2020" }, { "element_id": "squash-summer-msu-2022-phillips", "native_crop_id": "squash-summer-and-winter", "element_type": "cultivar_selection", "element_name": "2022 MSU summer squash cultivar trial", "claimed_effect": "completely randomized design, four replications, SW Michigan REC; final plant population 3,630 plants/acre; yields by cultivar and size class.", "effect_direction": "mixed", "source_tier": "B", "source_type": "extension_trial", "source_url": "https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/mwvtr/236", "source_citation": "Phillips, B. & Schoonmaker, J. 2022. 2022 summer squash cultivar trial. Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports.", "intervention_variable_group": "squash-summer-and-winter:cultivar_selection", "relative_yield_effect": null, "relative_effect_basis": "no relative yield effect parsed from claimed_effect", "transferability_to_target": "unspecified", "study_context": "SW Michigan REC, Benton Harbor 2022" } ], "all_baselines_illustrative": true, "computable_baseline": false }, "winter-wheat": { "crop_id": "winter-wheat", "crop_name": "winter-wheat", "category": "", "baselines": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359_yield", "source_tier": "A", "reference_date": "2025", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 3.881, "normalized_unit": "tonnes/hectare", "source_commodity": "Wheat, winter remaining", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops (32-10-0359-01)", "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "transferability_to_target": "direct", "climate_zone": "temperate continental (Prairie)", "production_system": "unspecified", "yield_representativeness": "regional_average", "region_country_detail": "Alberta, Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01", "source_stated_context": "Statistics Canada 32-10-0359-01: estimated areas, production, yield, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops. Harvest disposition includes Average yield (kilograms per hectare). Table columns do not distinguish irrigated vs dryland.", "geographic_scope": "CA" } ], "prices": [ { "source_id": "statscan_32100359", "source_tier": "A", "price_type": "average_farm_price", "reference_date": "1984", "region": "Alberta", "normalized_value": 155.0, "normalized_unit": "CAD/tonne", "source_commodity": "Wheat, winter remaining", "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3210035901", "source_title": "Estimated areas, yield, production, average farm price and total farm value of principal field crops, in metric and imperial units", "publisher": "Statistics Canada" } ], "interventions": [], "all_baselines_illustrative": false, "computable_baseline": true } } }