[ { "study_id": "PMID:41823812", "enterprise_id": "canola", "enterprise": "Canola", "category_id": "genetics", "category": "Genetics / cultivar", "factor": "Doubled-haploid interspecific lines", "intervention": "Doubled haploid B. napus x B. rapa lines", "comparator": "Parental cultivars", "outcome": "Germination, growth and drought physiology", "reported_result": "Under PEG and soil drought, doubled-haploid lines retained higher germination, root elongation, relative water content, antioxidant activity and photosynthetic efficiency than parental genotypes. No direct grain-yield percentage was reported in the abstract.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Kazakhstan", "design": "Research article; controlled drought experiments", "year": 2026, "authors": "Daurova A et al.", "title": "Drought Stress Response of Doubled Haploid Interspecific Rapeseed Hybrids at Germination and Flowering Stages", "journal": "Biology", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/biology15050384", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Primary study; establishment and physiology outcomes are not treated as a grain-yield effect." }, { "study_id": "PMID:41449218", "enterprise_id": "canola", "enterprise": "Canola", "category_id": "micronutrients", "category": "Micronutrients", "factor": "Zinc treatment", "intervention": "Nano-zinc oxide and zinc sulfate under interrupted irrigation", "comparator": "Untreated / alternative zinc treatments", "outcome": "Germination and seedling vigor", "reported_result": "The abstract reports that 5 ppm foliar ZnSO4 plus ZnO generally improved germination under drought across four spring cultivars in a two-year split-plot study. Grain yield was not reported in the abstract.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Iran", "design": "Two-year split-plot experiment", "year": 2025, "authors": "Alavifard M et al.", "title": "Enhancing rapeseed germination by nano zinc oxide and zinc sulfate particles under interrupted irrigation", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-31616-8", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Primary study; reported outcome is emergence/establishment, not yield." }, { "study_id": "PMID:41971542", "enterprise_id": "canola", "enterprise": "Canola", "category_id": "spacing_density", "category": "Spacing / density", "factor": "Sowing depth and seed priming", "intervention": "Moderately deep sowing with glutathione priming", "comparator": "1 cm sowing depth and unprimed seed", "outcome": "Emergence under water regimes", "reported_result": "At 3 cm versus 1 cm, emergence increased 123.2% under variable moisture, 100% under drought and 11.1% under normal water. Glutathione priming at 3 cm increased emergence 46.4% under drought and 63.0% under waterlogging; no significant normal-water difference was reported.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "China", "design": "Research article; 16 cultivars across four water conditions", "year": 2026, "authors": "Bai et al.", "title": "Mitigation of soil water stress by moderately deep sowing and exogenous application of glutathione in rapeseed", "journal": "Frontiers in Plant Science", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41971542/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Numeric result transcribed for emergence only; it must not be displayed as a grain-yield effect." }, { "study_id": "PMID:42457871", "enterprise_id": "canola", "enterprise": "Canola", "category_id": "biostimulants", "category": "Biostimulants / biological inputs", "factor": "GABA foliar application", "intervention": "0, 25, 50 or 75 mM foliar GABA under three irrigation regimes", "comparator": "Water-treated control", "outcome": "Grain yield, oil traits and stress physiology", "reported_result": "The abstract reports that drought reduced grain yield by up to 48% and that GABA produced up to a 41% increase under moderate stress. These are study-specific abstract statements; no variance, confidence interval or pooled estimate was reported.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Iran", "design": "Two-year field experiment", "year": 2026, "authors": "Nayebi et al.", "title": "Foliar gamma-aminobutyric acid enhances antioxidant defense and yield performance of canola under drought stress", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-61961-1", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Abstract-only extraction; reported percentages are preserved as text, not promoted to a database effect estimate." }, { "study_id": "PMID:41191609", "enterprise_id": "canola", "enterprise": "Canola", "category_id": "soil_substrate", "category": "Soil / substrate", "factor": "Wheat-straw biochar", "intervention": "1% wheat-straw biochar amendment", "comparator": "No biochar", "outcome": "Growth and yield parameters", "reported_result": "A glasshouse pot study across eight soils reported significant effects of biochar and soil texture on canola morphology and yield parameters, but the abstract provided no numeric yield difference.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Australia", "design": "Glasshouse pot experiment; eight soils; 105 days", "year": 2025, "authors": "Hassan S, Strezov V.", "title": "Effect of wheat straw biochar addition on canola growth in different soils", "journal": "PLOS ONE", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0335220", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Primary study; full-text extraction would be required for numeric yield data." }, { "study_id": "PMID:41775912", "enterprise_id": "canola", "enterprise": "Canola", "category_id": "genetics", "category": "Genetics / cultivar", "factor": "BnCLV1 allelic variation", "intervention": "Natural BnCLV1 alleles under contrasting nitrogen supply", "comparator": "Alternative alleles / nitrogen conditions", "outcome": "Root architecture and yield-related traits", "reported_result": "The abstract links natural BnCLV1 variation and nitrogen supply with root architecture and yield-related pod and silique traits. No numeric grain-yield result was reported in the abstract.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "China", "design": "GWAS, transcriptomics and natural-population study", "year": 2026, "authors": "Wang et al.", "title": "Natural allelic variation in BnCLV1 orchestrates root architectural remodelling and yield formation under nitrogen-limited conditions", "journal": "Theoretical and Applied Genetics", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-026-05191-z", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Genetics and nutrient interaction; no causal percentage inferred." }, { "study_id": "PMID:42230725", "enterprise_id": "canola", "enterprise": "Canola", "category_id": "irrigation", "category": "Irrigation / water", "factor": "Melatonin seed priming", "intervention": "Melatonin seed priming under irrigated and drought conditions", "comparator": "Hydropriming / untreated seed", "outcome": "Drought tolerance and yield-related traits", "reported_result": "The abstract reports cultivar differences and qualitative improvements in drought responses with melatonin priming, but no numeric yield effect was supplied.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Pakistan", "design": "Two-cultivar drought experiment", "year": 2026, "authors": "Ahmad et al.", "title": "Melatonin seed priming enhanced drought tolerance in rapeseed cultivars", "journal": "Scientific Reports", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42230725/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Yield-related evidence is qualitative in the abstract; numeric extraction remains null." }, { "study_id": "PMID:41497227", "enterprise_id": "canola", "enterprise": "Canola", "category_id": "climate", "category": "Climate / environmental control", "factor": "Producer climate adaptation", "intervention": "Producer-reported adaptation approaches", "comparator": "Not applicable", "outcome": "Management response to changing climate", "reported_result": "Survey and interview evidence describes Canadian producer adaptation approaches. It does not estimate an intervention effect on yield.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Canada: Alberta, Manitoba and Saskatchewan", "design": "Survey / interviews", "year": 2025, "authors": "Gavasso-Rita et al.", "title": "Initial Exploration of Canola Producers' Approaches in Response to Changing Climate in the Canadian Prairies", "journal": "Plant and Environment Interactions", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pei3.70107", "screening_status": "included-contextual", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Contextual evidence retained separately from causal intervention experiments." }, { "study_id": "PMID:42595831", "enterprise_id": "wheat", "enterprise": "Wheat", "category_id": "genetics", "category": "Genetics / cultivar", "factor": "High-yielding water-productive mutants", "intervention": "Phenotypic selection of putative wheat mutants", "comparator": "Source cultivar / contrasting lines", "outcome": "Yield and water productivity", "reported_result": "The abstract evaluates high-yielding, water-productive wheat material under well-watered and limited-irrigation conditions. No numeric yield effect was extracted from the abstract.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Field selection experiment", "year": 2026, "authors": "Study authors as indexed by Europe PMC", "title": "Phenotypic selection of high-yielding, water-productive wheat putative mutants", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42595831/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Primary candidate; full text required to verify treatment contrasts and yield units." }, { "study_id": "PMID:42316045", "enterprise_id": "wheat", "enterprise": "Wheat", "category_id": "irrigation", "category": "Irrigation / water", "factor": "Water-nitrogen management", "intervention": "Nitrogen application combined with partial root-zone irrigation", "comparator": "Alternative water and nitrogen regimes", "outcome": "Drought adaptation and productivity", "reported_result": "The abstract examines combined nitrogen and partial root-zone irrigation for recurrent drought adaptation. No directly extractable grain-yield quantity was reported in the abstract.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Water-nitrogen management experiment", "year": 2026, "authors": "Study authors as indexed by Europe PMC", "title": "Enhancement of wheat's adaptability to recurrent drought by improving water transport and nitrogen management", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42316045/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Cross-category assignment retained; no additive or causal effect assumed." }, { "study_id": "PMID:42280737", "enterprise_id": "wheat", "enterprise": "Wheat", "category_id": "irrigation", "category": "Irrigation / water", "factor": "Seed hormonal priming", "intervention": "Hormonal seed priming in durum wheat", "comparator": "Unprimed seed", "outcome": "Drought resilience", "reported_result": "The abstract reports improved drought resilience through hormonal priming and altered physiological responses in durum wheat. A numeric grain-yield result was not reported in the abstract.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Durum wheat drought experiment", "year": 2026, "authors": "Study authors as indexed by Europe PMC", "title": "Seed Hormonal Priming Improves Drought Resilience in Durum Wheat Through Modulation of Physiological Responses", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42280737/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Establishment/physiology outcomes are not converted into yield effects." }, { "study_id": "IND609405694", "enterprise_id": "wheat", "enterprise": "Wheat", "category_id": "genetics", "category": "Genetics / cultivar", "factor": "HaHB4 introgression", "intervention": "HaHB4 introgression in modern wheat", "comparator": "Non-introgressed material", "outcome": "Yield under Argentine Pampas conditions", "reported_result": "The abstract describes a yield benefit and associated ecophysiological processes for HaHB4 material. The bounded record does not provide a verified numeric estimate for display.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Argentine Pampas", "design": "Field comparative study", "year": 2026, "authors": "Study authors as indexed by Europe PMC", "title": "Yield benefit and ecophysiological processes behind the introgression of HaHB4 in a modern wheat cultivar", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/IND609405694", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Result direction is reported qualitatively; numeric value remains null pending full-text verification." }, { "study_id": "PMID:42109012", "enterprise_id": "tomato", "enterprise": "Tomato", "category_id": "irrigation", "category": "Irrigation / water", "factor": "Irrigation, nitrogen and biochar management", "intervention": "Water-nitrogen-biochar management under climate scenarios", "comparator": "Alternative W-N-B strategies", "outcome": "Crop growth, productivity or yield-related outcomes", "reported_result": "Optimizing water-nitrogen-biochar (W-N-B) management is essential for achieving sustainable greenhouse tomato production under climate change. This study assessed long-term changes in soil organic carbon (SOC), greenhouse gas fluxes, and tomato yield under three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5) during 2025-2100 and evaluated trade-offs among carbon mitigation, productivity, and resource use efficiency. The results showed that biochar application consistently increased tomato yield and SOC while reducing CO2 and N2O emissions, whereas irrigation and nitrogen input primarily influenced yield formation and N2O emissions. Among the three climate scenarios, SSP1-2.6 produced the greatest cobenefits, with yield increasing by 4.16%, SOC rising by 0.73%, and global warming potential decreasing by 18.6%. The optimal W-N-B management strategies were identified as W1N3B3 under SSP1-2.6, W2N2B2 under SSP2-4.5, and W2N3B3 under SSP5-8.5. These findings provide scientific support for developing high-yield and low-carbon greenhouse agriculture in arid regions of Northwest China.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Primary study; abstract-level extraction", "year": "2026", "authors": "Yu H, Zhao W, Wang Z, Cui N, Hu Y.", "title": "Water-Nitrogen-Biochar Management Enhances Sustainable Greenhouse Tomato Production Under Future Climates.", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42109012/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Individually screened from a bounded Europe PMC retrieval. Abstract text is preserved as reported; full-text verification is required for numeric yield extraction. Cross-crop search noise was excluded." }, { "study_id": "PMID:42280664", "enterprise_id": "cucumber", "enterprise": "Cucumber", "category_id": "soil_substrate", "category": "Soil / substrate", "factor": "Cultivation system and biochar substrate", "intervention": "Hydroponic/aquaponic systems with biochar or coir", "comparator": "Alternative cultivation systems and substrates", "outcome": "Crop growth, productivity or yield-related outcomes", "reported_result": "Hydroponic (HP) and aquaponic (AQ) systems are widely known in greenhouse production; however, the combined effects of nutrient delivery system and substrate physical structure on crop performance and root-zone microbiomes remain insufficiently understood. Substrate physical properties influence water retention and aeration, which can affect root-associated microorganisms, plant growth, and yield. This study evaluated cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) growth, yield, nutrient dynamics, physiological stress responses, and bacterial community composition under HP and AQ systems using bamboo-derived biochar substrates and coconut coir as a control. Vegetative growth was enhanced under AQ, with the greatest plant elongation (1102 ± 40.1 cm) and stem diameter (15.1 ± 1.0 mm) observed in biochar-grown plants. Total yield was consistently higher under AQ than HP, with the highest yield recorded in the coarse biochar treatment (28.6 kg m-2). Aquaponic systems were associated with greater nutrient availability under the conditions evaluated during mid to late season production, including nitrate concentrations of up to 226 mg L-1. Physiological stress monitoring indicated lower stress exposure under aquaponic conditions in plants grown in medium and coarse biochar substrates across both systems, with 78 to 81% of the growing season classified within low to balanced stress conditions. Bacterial community composition was primarily shaped by cultivation system, which explained 19.3% of the observed variation, whereas substrate treatment did not significantly alter overall bacterial communit", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Primary study; abstract-level extraction", "year": "2026", "authors": "Hashemi SM, Graeff M, Nai EA, Savidov N.", "title": "Cultivation System Dominates Cucumber Performance and Root-Zone Microbiomes Across Biochar Particle Sizes.", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42280664/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Individually screened from a bounded Europe PMC retrieval. Abstract text is preserved as reported; full-text verification is required for numeric yield extraction. Cross-crop search noise was excluded." }, { "study_id": "PMID:41683096", "enterprise_id": "pepper", "enterprise": "Pepper", "category_id": "major_nutrients", "category": "Major nutrients", "factor": "Fertigation and substrate", "intervention": "Low, medium and high fertigation programs with greenhouse substrates", "comparator": "Alternative fertigation and substrate combinations", "outcome": "Crop growth, productivity or yield-related outcomes", "reported_result": "Global vegetable production exceeded 1.2 billion tons in 2022, with bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) accounting for 37 million tons, a crop of high value due to its versatility, commercial demand, and nutritional properties. In the Dominican Republic, greenhouse vegetable production has experienced accelerated growth over the last 23 years, reaching over 10 million m2 of infrastructure and increasing pepper production from 9122 to 32,000 tons. However, limitations in technical information regarding nutritional management and substrate use persist, despite the extensive empirical experience of producers and technicians. This study evaluated the effect of three fertigation programs (low, medium, and high doses: FP1, FP2, and FP3) and three substrates (carbonized rice husk- CRH, coconut fiber-CF, and a 1:1 Mix) on 180 plants grown for 141 days in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized split-plot design. Growth, physiological, quality, and yield indicators were measured. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) explained 88% of the variability, showing that FP2 and FP3, combined with BRH and the 1:1 Mix, generated greater plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, and canopy development, while FP1 and CF were associated with lower performance. Regarding fruit quality, the BRH and 1:1 Mix substrates yielded higher values for length, width, and weight, whereas °Brix content responded primarily to fertigation doses. Total yield confirmed this pattern, highlighting FP3-BRH as the best combination evaluated and FP1-CF as the one with the lowest productivity.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Primary study; abstract-level extraction", "year": "2026", "authors": "Pimentel-Pujols ÁR, García JM, Borrás F, Fernández-López J.", "title": "Effects of Fertigation Programs and Substrates on Growth, Fruit Quality, and Yield of Bell Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) in Greenhouse Conditions.", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41683096/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Individually screened from a bounded Europe PMC retrieval. Abstract text is preserved as reported; full-text verification is required for numeric yield extraction. Cross-crop search noise was excluded." }, { "study_id": "PMID:41957148", "enterprise_id": "lettuce", "enterprise": "Lettuce", "category_id": "major_nutrients", "category": "Major nutrients", "factor": "Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization", "intervention": "Nitrogen and phosphorus rates under irrigation", "comparator": "Alternative nutrient rates", "outcome": "Crop growth, productivity or yield-related outcomes", "reported_result": "Lettuce is a popular salad crop and an important cash leafy vegetable, with growing demand in urban and peri-urban areas of Ethiopia. Despite this, research on soil fertility management for lettuce is limited, and productivity remains low. This experiment evaluated the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rates on lettuce growth and yield under irrigation in 2025 at Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. The experiment comprised five nitrogen rates (0, 46, 92, 138, and 184 kg ha-1 N) and four phosphorus rates (0, 23, 46, and 92 kg ha-1 P2O5), arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Data were analyzed using R software. Results revealed that the main effects of nitrogen and phosphorus rates significantly (P ≤ 0.001) influenced plant height, number of leaves per plant, and leaf width of lettuce, while leaf length was not affected by phosphorus rates. The interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus significantly (P ≤ 0.001) influenced days to maturity, fresh weight of leaf per plant, marketable fresh leaf yield, and total fresh leaf yield. Partial budget analysis revealed that the highest net benefit (241,070 ETB ha-1) with a marginal rate of return of 190.51% was achieved from the application of 138 kg ha-1 N with 92 kg ha-1 P2O5. This combination was identified as economically optimal and can be recommended for lettuce production in the study area and similar agro-ecological zones. However, the experiment was conducted at a single location and over one season, which may limit generalizability. Varietal differences and environmental impacts were also not asse", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Primary study; abstract-level extraction", "year": "2026", "authors": "Shibabaw S, Alemayehu M, Asnake D.", "title": "Growth, yield and economic performance of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in response to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization under irrigation in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41957148/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Individually screened from a bounded Europe PMC retrieval. Abstract text is preserved as reported; full-text verification is required for numeric yield extraction. Cross-crop search noise was excluded." }, { "study_id": "PMID:41988426", "enterprise_id": "ornamentals", "enterprise": "Ornamentals", "category_id": "irrigation", "category": "Irrigation / water", "factor": "Water and nitrogen management", "intervention": "Water and nitrogen treatments in Zinnia", "comparator": "Alternative water and nitrogen regimes", "outcome": "Crop growth, productivity or yield-related outcomes", "reported_result": "In response to the prominent issues of water shortage and intensified soil desertification in the arid regions of Northwest China, this study aimed to optimize the water and nitrogen (N) management plan for ornamental Zinnia. Using the tall Zinnia variety \"Pink Dream\" as the experimental material, a two-year field experiment was conducted in the oasis area of Hexi Corridor using the integrated water and fertilizer management technology under subsurface drip irrigation. Three irrigation gradients (W1, 55%∼65% field capacity (FC); W2, 65%∼75% FC; W3, 75%∼85% FC) and three N application levels (N1, 90 kg·ha-1; N2, 150 kg·ha-1; N3, 210 kg·ha-1) were respectively established. The local water and fertilizer management practice (W3 level combined with 270 kg·ha-1 N application) was used as the control (CK), resulting in a total of ten treatments. The effects of different water-N regulations on rhizosphere soil environment, plant physiological metabolism, growth and development, and ornamental traits of Zinnia were systematically explored. The results indicated that in both growing seasons, the W2N2 and W2N3 treatments significantly (P < 0.05) outperformed the CK and other treatments in terms of dry matter accumulation and ornamental value, with increases ranging from 7.20% to 153.47%. However, the optimal photosynthetic assimilation capacity and physiological and biochemical indicators were recorded in W2N2 treatment, which was significantly higher than that in CK and other treatments, with an increase of 8.76% to 45.50%. The W1N1 water and nitrogen management mode reduced Zinnia ", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Primary study; abstract-level extraction", "year": "2026", "authors": "Xu Z, Zhang H, Chen X, Zhou C.", "title": "Soil environment, physiological metabolism and ornamental traits of Zinnia response to water and nitrogen combination in a cold and arid environment.", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41988426/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Individually screened from a bounded Europe PMC retrieval. Abstract text is preserved as reported; full-text verification is required for numeric yield extraction. Cross-crop search noise was excluded." }, { "study_id": "PMID:42050290", "enterprise_id": "tree-seedlings", "enterprise": "Tree Seedlings", "category_id": "biostimulants", "category": "Biostimulants / biological inputs", "factor": "Bacterial inoculation", "intervention": "Multi-strain bacterial inoculation of Eucalyptus seedlings", "comparator": "Non-inoculated seedlings", "outcome": "Crop growth, productivity or yield-related outcomes", "reported_result": "The use of bacterial inoculants in forestry is a promising strategy to enhance seedling quality, reduce costs, and promote sustainable cultivation. This study evaluates the effects of a multi-strain bacterial consortium on Eucalyptus seedlings, considering the plant growth, microbial community composition, and seedling quality. A consortium consisting of one representative from each of five bacterial genera - Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Paraburkholderia, Methylobacterium, and Mesorhizobium - was applied to three Eucalyptus clones, a large field experiment was conducted in a tree nursery. To assess the root endophytic community composition, samples were processed and analyzed using 16 S rRNA metabarcoding sequencing to characterize the bacterial communities present. After 13 weeks, we assessed microbial diversity, morphological seedling traits, and survival rates. While inoculation did not significantly affect bacterial richness and diversity, it altered the root microbial community structure. Two genotypes exhibited improved seedling quality, with a higher proportion classified into superior categories, and one genotype showed a significant reduction in mortality (from 21.8% to 6.7%). Additionally, inoculated seedlings displayed reduced relative abundance of Ralstonia, a genus that includes vascular phytopathogenic species responsible for Eucalyptus wilt disease. Biomass allocation patterns varied, indicating genotype-specific responses to inoculation. These findings underscore the potential of bacterial consortia to enhance Eucalyptus seedling resilience and productivity, pre", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Primary study; abstract-level extraction", "year": "2026", "authors": "Araujo MS, da Silva Souza IJ, Martins RP, Dos Santos CC, Mafia RG, Rachid CTCDC.", "title": "Enhancing Eucalyptus seedling quality through multi-strain bacterial inoculation.", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42050290/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Individually screened from a bounded Europe PMC retrieval. Abstract text is preserved as reported; full-text verification is required for numeric yield extraction. Cross-crop search noise was excluded." }, { "study_id": "IND609457612", "enterprise_id": "hemp", "enterprise": "Hemp", "category_id": "major_nutrients", "category": "Major nutrients", "factor": "Nitrogen management and cover cropping", "intervention": "Tillage, cover cropping and nitrogen management in organic industrial hemp", "comparator": "Alternative tillage, cover crop and nitrogen regimes", "outcome": "Crop growth, productivity or yield-related outcomes", "reported_result": "Tillage and cover cropping influence N, crop yield, quality, and soil properties in organic systems. This study evaluated four N application rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha⁻¹) in two industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) types (grain and fiber) under conventional till (CT) and no‐till (NT), with and without a legume cover crop (CC), in rotation with malt barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) from 2021 to 2024. Measurements included hemp biomass, grain and fiber yield, barley yield and grain quality, soil health indicators, and N use efficiency. Tillage was instrumental to hemp establishment, as NT with cover crop residue (NTCC) resulted in severe stand loss, preventing yield gains despite modest improvements in soil health indicators such as permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC) and soil protein (typically 10-30 mg kg⁻¹). Because all CCs were established under full tillage, CC biomass could not be compared across tillage systems. Under CT, CCs enhanced hemp biomass and grain yield, and N fertilization up to 100 kg ha⁻¹ improved performance, whereas higher N provided no additional benefit. Barley crude protein and germination were unaffected by CC or N rate, although barley grain yield increased where hemp followed CC or higher N input, reflecting residual N rather than changes in soil C. No statistically significant differences in N use efficiency indices were detected among N rates. Soil health gains under NT did not translate into agronomic viability for hemp. Cover cropping and tillage should be integrated to optimize N use, productivity, and crop quality in organic hemp-barley sy", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Primary study; abstract-level extraction", "year": "2026", "authors": "Dhakal M, Panday D, Etemadi F, Afshar RK, Lapham C, Smith A, Ghalehgolabbehbahani A.", "title": "Tillage and cover cropping enhanced yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and soil health in organic industrial hemp-barley rotations", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/IND609457612", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Individually screened from a bounded Europe PMC retrieval. Abstract text is preserved as reported; full-text verification is required for numeric yield extraction. Cross-crop search noise was excluded." }, { "study_id": "PMID:42243398", "enterprise_id": "sugar-beet", "enterprise": "Sugar Beet", "category_id": "irrigation", "category": "Irrigation / water", "factor": "Salinity and irrigation stress management", "intervention": "Treatment influencing salt-stressed sugar beet", "comparator": "Salt-stressed comparison treatment", "outcome": "Crop growth, productivity or yield-related outcomes", "reported_result": "Sugar beet is a key industrial crop valued for its sucrose content, but its yield and sugar profile are greatly affected by soil salinity. In this study, we introduce novel nano-structured zinc (Zn), boron (B), and molybdenum (Mo) mixture designed to mitigate the adverse effects of salt stress. While individual nano-micronutrient applications have been investigated, the potential of combined nano-micronutrient formulations still need to be clarified. A two-season field experiments evaluated the effect of a nano-structured Zn, B, and Mo (MMNPs) mixture on salt-stressed sugar beet. Treatments included applied once (MMNPs1) or twice (MMNPs2) applications of MMNPs, their bulk counterparts (MMB1 or MMB2), and a control treatment (CK). Physiological traits, yield attributes, and sugar profile were assessed. The findings of this study pointed out that application of MMNPs2 and MMB2 treatments improved growth, photosynthetic efficiency, productivity, and juice quality compared with CK, MMNPs1, and MMB1, with MMNPs2 showing the greatest effects. Relative to CK, MMNPs2 increased net assimilation rate, absolute crop growth rate, taproot dry weight, taproot length, and taproot diameter by 3.87-, 6.14-, 1.98-, 1.24-, and 1.20-fold, respectively. It also enhanced chlorophyll a by 78.3%, chlorophyll b by 163.1%, carotenoids by 50.4%, Fv/F₀ by 19.7%, Fv/Fm by 3.6%, and the photosynthetic performance index by 77.7%. The MMNPs2 treatment yielded the highest sugar content and lowest non-sugar impurities. Briefly, foliar applying a nano-structured Zn, B, and Mo mixture at 165 mg L⁻¹ twice duri", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Primary study; abstract-level extraction", "year": "2026", "authors": "El-Nasr EKA, Rizk TY, Saudy HS, Fergany MAH, Abd El-Hady MA, Shaaban A.", "title": "Physiological homeostasis, yield, and sugar profile of salt-stressed sugar beet plants as influenced by nano-structured mixture of zinc, boron, and molybdenum application.", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42243398/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Individually screened from a bounded Europe PMC retrieval. Abstract text is preserved as reported; full-text verification is required for numeric yield extraction. Cross-crop search noise was excluded." }, { "study_id": "PMID:42357222", "enterprise_id": "barley", "enterprise": "Barley", "category_id": "irrigation", "category": "Irrigation / water", "factor": "PGPR under saline irrigation", "intervention": "PGPR inoculation under saline irrigation", "comparator": "Non-inoculated or alternative irrigation treatment", "outcome": "Crop growth, productivity or yield-related outcomes", "reported_result": "Saline irrigation is a major constraint to crop production in newly reclaimed desert lands, even when pre-sowing soil salinity is low. This two-season field study evaluated whether plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria could improve barley performance under saline irrigation water with an electrical conductivity of 11.8 dS m-1 in the El Moghra region, Egypt. The barley cultivar Giza 2000 was grown under five inoculation treatments: an uninoculated saline-irrigated control; a single inoculation with Azospirillum lipoferum; and combined inoculations with A. lipoferum and Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus circulans, or Enterobacter cloacae. Because freshwater was unavailable at the experimental site, treatment effects were evaluated relative to the saline-irrigated control. Across both growing seasons, single inoculation with A. lipoferum produced the most consistent improvements in growth, yield formation, nutrient accumulation, soil biological activity, and seed nutritional quality. The combined treatment of A. lipoferum and B. circulans was generally the second-most effective. Bacterial inoculation also improved adjustment to physiological stress, as indicated by greater proline accumulation, lower antioxidant enzyme activities, and enhanced expression of stress-related genes associated with proline biosynthesis and secondary metabolism. Overall, the results indicate that A. lipoferum applied alone was more effective than the tested combinations of bacteria under saline irrigation. These findings provide field-based evidence that inoculant performance depends on strain compositio", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Primary study; abstract-level extraction", "year": "2026", "authors": "Abdelrady WA, Xu J, Hao L, Li Y, Elshawy EE, Abdel-Azeem AM, El-Wakeel SE, Alagamy HHM, Mostfa EEI, Omara AE, Eryan NL, Aboulila AA, Zhao C, Zeng F.", "title": "PGPR Improves Barley Performance Under Saline Irrigation: Agronomic, Biochemical, and Transcriptional Evidence from a Two-Season Field Study.", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42357222/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Individually screened from a bounded Europe PMC retrieval. Abstract text is preserved as reported; full-text verification is required for numeric yield extraction. Cross-crop search noise was excluded." }, { "study_id": "PMID:42179487", "enterprise_id": "oats", "enterprise": "Oats", "category_id": "climate", "category": "Climate / environmental control", "factor": "Drought stress and endogenous hormones", "intervention": "Hormonal regulation of oat grain number under drought", "comparator": "Contrasting drought and hormone conditions", "outcome": "Crop growth, productivity or yield-related outcomes", "reported_result": "IntroductionDrought stress poses a major constraint on oat (Avena sativa L.) yield formation. Endogenous phytohormones play a crucial role in the adaptive mechanisms of oat. However, investigating the distinct parts of the oat panicle in relation to endogenous hormones remains a research gap for understanding the physiological mechanisms underlying yield formation.MethodsA two-year field experiment was conducted using ten oat cultivars to investigate the interaction between yield traits in the upper and lower parts of the oat panicle under drought stress.ResultsThe ten cultivars were classified into two groups based on their drought resistance index (DI): drought-tolerant cultivars (DI ≥ 0.670) and drought-sensitive cultivars (DI ≤ 0.574). Regardless of whether cultivars were drought-tolerant or drought-sensitive, grain number per panicle served as the principal determinant of yield (R 2 = 0.182-0.368). Yield variation among oat cultivars was primarily attributed to the difference in grain number on the lower panicles, under both drought and well-watered conditions (R 2 = 0.879-0.923). Under drought stress, cytokinin (CTK) content significantly decreased in drought-tolerant cultivars (p p p p DiscussionThese results demonstrate that IAA and CTK in drought-tolerant cultivars play a pivotal role in modulating basal grain development under water deficit conditions.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Primary study; abstract-level extraction", "year": "2026", "authors": "Li J, Wang X, Liu J, Mi J, Wang X, Zhao B.", "title": "The role of endogenous hormones in regulating grain number in oat panicles under drought stress across cultivars.", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42179487/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Individually screened from a bounded Europe PMC retrieval. Abstract text is preserved as reported; full-text verification is required for numeric yield extraction. Cross-crop search noise was excluded." }, { "study_id": "PMID:41974806", "enterprise_id": "peas", "enterprise": "Peas", "category_id": "biostimulants", "category": "Biostimulants / biological inputs", "factor": "PGPR inoculation", "intervention": "Priestia megaterium inoculation under drought", "comparator": "Non-inoculated pea plants", "outcome": "Crop growth, productivity or yield-related outcomes", "reported_result": "A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of six PGP microbial isolates (FM20, FM65, FM19, W22, OF5, and Control) to mitigate the adverse effects of drought stress (40% FC) on pea (Pisum sativum) compared to normal irrigation (80% FC). The results demonstrated that PGP inoculants significantly enhanced physiological, ionic, and yield parameters under both normal and stress conditions consistently outperforming the uninoculated control. Under drought stress, W22 maintained the highest Relative Water Content (88.5%), statistically similar to several normal treatments, indicating superior water balance maintenance. In terms of ionic homeostasis, isolate FM20 was the most superior, achieving a 17.23% reduction in the detrimental Na/K ratio in straw compared to the stressed control and the largest reduction in Na-grain content (− 10.53%), confirming its role as the best absolute Na excluder. Under normal irrigation condition FM65 maximized both seed weight per plant (6.7 g) and 100 seed weight (22.9 g). On the other hand under drought (40% FC) OF5 yielded the highest seed weight per plant (7.3 g) and W22 produced the largest 100 seed weight (8.7 g). Collectively, the results confirm that PGP microbial inoculants, particularly FM65, OF5, and W22, offer a viable, strain-specific strategy to stabilize physiological functions, enhance nutrient utilization, and significantly alleviate drought-induced yield reduction in P. sativum.", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Primary study; abstract-level extraction", "year": "2026", "authors": "Khati P, Mishra PK, Santhiya S, Meena RP, Kant L.", "title": "Inoculation of Priestia megaterium confers drought tolerance to garden pea (Pisum sativum).", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41974806/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Individually screened from a bounded Europe PMC retrieval. Abstract text is preserved as reported; full-text verification is required for numeric yield extraction. Cross-crop search noise was excluded." }, { "study_id": "PMID:42067762", "enterprise_id": "lentils", "enterprise": "Lentils", "category_id": "genetics", "category": "Genetics / cultivar", "factor": "Drought-tolerance QTL", "intervention": "QTL hotspot associated with drought tolerance", "comparator": "Alternative lentil genotypes/environments", "outcome": "Crop growth, productivity or yield-related outcomes", "reported_result": "BackgroundDrought stress significantly hinders the growth and productivity of many crops, including lentil. Hence, improving our understanding of the genetic and molecular bases underlying drought response is essential for mitigating yield losses under water-limited conditions. The primary objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with various morpho-physiological traits using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) and to identify putative candidate genes contributing to drought tolerance in lentil.ResultA F7 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was developed to map QTLs for morpho-physiological traits including root and shoot length, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots, drought score, seedling survivability, relative water content, proline, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) enzyme activities and seed yield/plant under controlled (hydroponic) and rainout shelter conditions over multiple drought environments during 2021-2024. A 'hotspot QTL' cluster consisting of six QTLs was detected for drought tolerance related traits viz. seed yield/plant, fresh weight of roots and shoots and chlorophyll content on linkage group 7. These QTLs detected under four environments were found to be strongly linked with drought tolerance and explained 48.83% phenotypic variance on a cumulative basis. Furthermore, the hotspot harboured several drought responsive functionally annotated genes.ConclusionThe present study provides valuable insights into QTLs and SNPs associated with drought tolerance in lentil. The identification of a ro", "potential_yield_effect": null, "geography": "Not reported in abstract", "design": "Primary study; abstract-level extraction", "year": "2026", "authors": "Singh D, Tripathi A, Taunk J, Gaikwad K, Pal M.", "title": "Identification of a robust QTL hotspot across environments governing drought tolerance in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus).", "journal": "Not reported in abstract", "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42067762/", "screening_status": "included", "extraction_level": "abstract-only", "qc_notes": "Individually screened from a bounded Europe PMC retrieval. Abstract text is preserved as reported; full-text verification is required for numeric yield extraction. Cross-crop search noise was excluded." } ]