{ "query": "cucumber AND (yield OR production) AND (greenhouse OR irrigation)", "endpoint": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=cucumber+AND+%28yield+OR+production%29+AND+%28greenhouse+OR+irrigation%29&resultType=core&pageSize=10&format=json", "payload": { "version": "6.9", "hitCount": 9641, "nextCursorMark": "AoIIQNKyPSg1NTgyOTI0Mw==", "nextPageUrl": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=cucumber AND (yield OR production) AND (greenhouse OR irrigation)&cursorMark=AoIIQNKyPSg1NTgyOTI0Mw==&resultType=core&pageSize=10&format=json", "request": { "queryString": "cucumber AND (yield OR production) AND (greenhouse OR irrigation)", "resultType": "core", "cursorMark": "*", "pageSize": 10, "sort": "", "synonym": false }, "resultList": { "result": [ { "id": "42280664", "source": "MED", "pmid": "42280664", "pmcid": "PMC13259428", "fullTextIdList": { "fullTextId": [ "PMC13259428" ] }, "doi": "10.3390/plants15111627", "title": "Cultivation System Dominates Cucumber Performance and Root-Zone Microbiomes Across Biochar Particle Sizes.", "authorString": "Hashemi SM, Graeff M, Nai EA, Savidov N.", "authorList": { "author": [ { "fullName": "Hashemi SM", "firstName": "Seyed Mohammad", "lastName": "Hashemi", "initials": "SM", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-3425-408X" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "The Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge Polytechnic, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada." }, { "affiliation": "Integrated Agriculture Technology Centre, Lethbridge Polytechnic, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Graeff M", "firstName": "Moritz", "lastName": "Graeff", "initials": "M", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0001-6316-7770" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Vivent SA, Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Nai EA", "firstName": "Emmanuel A", "lastName": "Nai", "initials": "EA", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "The Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge Polytechnic, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada." }, { "affiliation": "Integrated Agriculture Technology Centre, Lethbridge Polytechnic, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Savidov N", "firstName": "Nick", "lastName": "Savidov", "initials": "N", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "The Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge Polytechnic, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada." } ] } } ] }, "authorIdList": { "authorId": [ { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0001-6316-7770" }, { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-3425-408X" } ] }, "dataLinksTagsList": { "dataLinkstag": [ "supporting_data" ] }, "journalInfo": { "issue": "11", "volume": "15", "journalIssueId": 4215260, "dateOfPublication": "2026 May", "monthOfPublication": 5, "yearOfPublication": 2026, "printPublicationDate": "2026-05-01", "journal": { "title": "Plants (Basel, Switzerland)", "medlineAbbreviation": "Plants (Basel)", "isoabbreviation": "Plants (Basel)", "issn": "2223-7747", "nlmid": "101596181", "essn": "2223-7747" } }, "pubYear": "2026", "pageInfo": "1627", "abstractText": "Hydroponic (HP) and aquaponic (AQ) systems are widely known in greenhouse production; however, the combined effects of nutrient delivery system and substrate physical structure on crop performance and root-zone microbiomes remain insufficiently understood. Substrate physical properties influence water retention and aeration, which can affect root-associated microorganisms, plant growth, and yield. This study evaluated cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) growth, yield, nutrient dynamics, physiological stress responses, and bacterial community composition under HP and AQ systems using bamboo-derived biochar substrates and coconut coir as a control. Vegetative growth was enhanced under AQ, with the greatest plant elongation (1102 ± 40.1 cm) and stem diameter (15.1 ± 1.0 mm) observed in biochar-grown plants. Total yield was consistently higher under AQ than HP, with the highest yield recorded in the coarse biochar treatment (28.6 kg m-2). Aquaponic systems were associated with greater nutrient availability under the conditions evaluated during mid to late season production, including nitrate concentrations of up to 226 mg L-1. Physiological stress monitoring indicated lower stress exposure under aquaponic conditions in plants grown in medium and coarse biochar substrates across both systems, with 78 to 81% of the growing season classified within low to balanced stress conditions. Bacterial community composition was primarily shaped by cultivation system, which explained 19.3% of the observed variation, whereas substrate treatment did not significantly alter overall bacterial community structure. Overall, cultivation system was the dominant factor associated with variation in cucumber performance and root-zone bacterial communities, while biochar substrates supported improved plant growth, yield, and reduced physiological stress.", "affiliation": "The Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge Polytechnic, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada.", "publicationStatus": "epublish", "language": "eng", "pubModel": "Electronic", "pubTypeList": { "pubType": [ "research-article", "Journal Article" ] }, "keywordList": { "keyword": [ "Electrophysiology", "Nutrient dynamics", "Cucumber", "Hydroponics", "Aquaponics", "Biochar Particle Size", "Root-zone Microbiome" ] }, "fullTextUrlList": { "fullTextUrl": [ { "availability": "Subscription required", "availabilityCode": "S", "documentStyle": "doi", "site": "DOI", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15111627" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "html", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13259428" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "pdf", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13259428?pdf=render" } ] }, "isOpenAccess": "Y", "inEPMC": "Y", "inPMC": "Y", "hasPDF": "Y", "hasBook": "N", "hasSuppl": "Y", "citedByCount": 0, "hasData": "Y", "hasReferences": "Y", "hasTextMinedTerms": "Y", "hasDbCrossReferences": "N", "hasLabsLinks": "N", "license": "cc by", "hasEvaluations": "N", "authMan": "N", "epmcAuthMan": "N", "nihAuthMan": "N", "hasTMAccessionNumbers": "Y", "tmAccessionTypeList": { "accessionType": [ "doi" ] }, "dateOfCompletion": "2026-06-12", "dateOfCreation": "2026-06-12", "firstIndexDate": "2026-06-13", "fullTextReceivedDate": "2026-06-13", "dateOfRevision": "2026-08-13", "electronicPublicationDate": "2026-05-26", "firstPublicationDate": "2026-05-26" }, { "id": "PPR1176060", "source": "PPR", "doi": "10.20944/preprints202604.0569.v1", "title": "CNN-Assisted Growth Monitoring and Stress Management of Cucumber in Semi-Transparent PV Greenhouses for Agrivoltaics", "authorString": "Rajakannu A, kaithari DK, S V, KM A.", "authorList": { "author": [ { "fullName": "Rajakannu A", "firstName": "Amuthakkannan", "lastName": "Rajakannu", "initials": "A", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-9657-4556" } }, { "fullName": "kaithari DK", "firstName": "Dinesh Keloth", "lastName": "kaithari", "initials": "DK" }, { "fullName": "S V", "firstName": "Vishnupriyan", "lastName": "S", "initials": "V" }, { "fullName": "KM A", "firstName": "Abubacker", "lastName": "KM", "initials": "A" } ] }, "authorIdList": { "authorId": [ { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-9657-4556" } ] }, "pubYear": "2026", "abstractText": "Currently operating commercial photovoltaics (PV) systems integrated with agricultural production (Agrivoltaics) offer immense potential for the dual harvest of renewable energy and agro-products. Within controlled-environment agriculture (CEA), the use of semi-transparent photovoltaics (ST-PV) and the ability to control the microclimate and shading are beneficial for the production of high-value crops such as cucumbers. The objective of this research was to commence the cultivation of cucumbers under evolving CEA-PV systems by combining greenhouse experiments with computer vision (CV) based driven phenotyping to create an analytical framework and system control framework for the cultivation of cucumbers in an evolving CEA-PV system. The method involved using the monitored plant vigor to control in real time the irrigation and shading of the cucumber plants. The control of irrigation and shading was based on the monitored plant vigor as determined by a U-Net++ implementation for canopy segmentation, an EfficientNet-B3 implementation for stress detection, and a CNN regressor for growth trait estimation. Within the greenhouse, uniform environmental and fertigation conditions were established to evaluate the effect of four shading regimes (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%) on the cucumbers. Simulated, yet representative results predicted cucumber yields to be stable (within ±4% of full yield) with a 20% shading and a 15-20% reduction in water use compared to full sun. Yield was also observed to drop by 10-14% under higher shading of 40 to 60% due to insufficient photosynthetic activity for fruiting. The CNN based models were robust, (segmentation IoU 0.91, stress-class F1 0.92, LAI regression R²≈0.93), allowing for precise and comprehensive monitoring in an annual non-invasive fashion. The greenhouse's annual photovoltaic (PV) output was estimated to be 1,550 to 1,750 kWh/kWp which is able to exceed the energy demand resulting to a net energy surplus. The outcome demonstrates that the cucumber crop can be successfully combined with controlled environment agrovoltaic systems with moderate shading for optimum cucumber yield. Moreover, informed supervision through Artificial Intelligence (AI) helps to navigate closed-loop systems and enhance the water-use efficiency and yield stability.", "pubTypeList": { "pubType": [ "Preprint" ] }, "bookOrReportDetails": { "publisher": "Preprints.org", "yearOfPublication": 2026 }, "fullTextUrlList": { "fullTextUrl": [ { "availability": "Free", "availabilityCode": "F", "documentStyle": "doi", "site": "DOI", "url": "https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202604.0569.v1" } ] }, "isOpenAccess": "N", "inEPMC": "N", "inPMC": "N", "hasPDF": "N", "hasBook": "N", "hasSuppl": "N", "citedByCount": 0, "hasData": "N", "hasReferences": "N", "hasTextMinedTerms": "Y", "hasDbCrossReferences": "N", "hasLabsLinks": "N", "license": "cc by", "versionList": { "version": [ { "id": "PPR1176060", "source": "PPR", "firstPublishDate": "2026-04-09", "versionNumber": 1, "pubTypeList": { "pubType": [ "preprint" ] }, "hasEvaluations": "N" } ] }, "versionNumber": 1, "hasEvaluations": "N", "authMan": "N", "epmcAuthMan": "N", "nihAuthMan": "N", "hasTMAccessionNumbers": "N", "dateOfCreation": "2026-04-11", "firstIndexDate": "2026-04-11", "firstPublicationDate": "2026-04-09" }, { "id": "42603804", "source": "MED", "pmid": "42603804", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-66949-5", "title": "Exergy and environmental sustainability assessment of PV integrated greenhouse cucumber production. ", "authorString": "Öztürk M, Yildizhan H, Ameen A.", "authorList": { "author": [ { "fullName": "Öztürk M", "firstName": "Müjdat", "lastName": "Öztürk", "initials": "M", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Yildizhan H", "firstName": "Hasan", "lastName": "Yildizhan", "initials": "H", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana, Turkey." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Ameen A", "firstName": "Arman", "lastName": "Ameen", "initials": "A", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-8349-6659" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, University of Gävle, 801 76, Gävle, Sweden. arman.ameen@hig.se." } ] } } ] }, "authorIdList": { "authorId": [ { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-8349-6659" } ] }, "journalInfo": { "issue": "1", "volume": "16", "journalIssueId": 4236079, "dateOfPublication": "2026 Aug", "monthOfPublication": 8, "yearOfPublication": 2026, "printPublicationDate": "2026-08-01", "journal": { "title": "Scientific reports", "medlineAbbreviation": "Sci Rep", "isoabbreviation": "Sci Rep", "issn": "2045-2322", "nlmid": "101563288", "essn": "2045-2322" } }, "pubYear": "2026", "pageInfo": "25520", "abstractText": "This study examines the thermodynamic and environmental performance of cucumber produced under greenhouse conditions in Türkiye with a holistic approach. The analysis, conducted in the provinces of Kırklareli and Konya, calculated cumulative energy consumption (CEnC), cumulative exergy consumption (CExC), and cumulative CO2 emissions (CCO2E), with a functional unit of one ton of product. In addition, two important sustainability indicators, namely Cumulative Degree of Perfection (CDP) and Renewability Indicator (RI), were calculated based on exergy calculations. According to the results, CEnC was 260.16 MJ/ton, CExC was 1459.82 MJ/ton, and CCO2E was 31.13 kg/ton in Kırklareli, while these values were determined to be 324.38 MJ/ton, 2521.12 MJ/ton, and 50.91 kg/ton, respectively, in Konya. This difference indicates that irrigation and electricity use increase the energy and exergy intensity in Konya. Exergy based sustainability indicators, CDP and RI values, were calculated as 0.73 and - 0.36 for Kırklareli, and 0.42 and - 1.36 for Konya, respectively. These values reveal the high dependence of current production processes on non-renewable energy sources. When photovoltaic (PV) panels were used to supply electricity, the CDP in Kırklareli increased from 0.73 to 0.77, and the RI improved from - 0.36 to -0.30. In Konya, the CDP value rose to 0.51, and the RI to -0.96. These results suggest that PV integration has the potential to improve renewability indicators, especially in energy intensive regions. The findings indicate that, within the scope of this analysis, the sustainability of greenhouse cucumber production could be enhanced through optimized resource management and PV systems.", "affiliation": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey.", "publicationStatus": "epublish", "language": "eng", "pubModel": "Electronic", "pubTypeList": { "pubType": [ "IM", "Journal Article" ] }, "meshHeadingList": { "meshHeading": [ { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Cucumis sativus", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "GD", "qualifierName": "growth & development", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Carbon Dioxide", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "AN", "qualifierName": "analysis", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Conservation of Natural Resources" }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Electricity" }, { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Agriculture", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "MT", "qualifierName": "methods", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } } ] }, "chemicalList": { "chemical": [ { "name": "Carbon Dioxide", "registryNumber": "142M471B3J" } ] }, "fullTextUrlList": { "fullTextUrl": [ { "availability": "Subscription required", "availabilityCode": "S", "documentStyle": "doi", "site": "DOI", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-66949-5" } ] }, "isOpenAccess": "N", "inEPMC": "N", "inPMC": "N", "hasPDF": "N", "hasBook": "N", "hasSuppl": "N", "citedByCount": 0, "hasData": "N", "hasReferences": "Y", "hasTextMinedTerms": "N", "hasDbCrossReferences": "N", "hasLabsLinks": "N", "hasEvaluations": "N", "authMan": "N", "epmcAuthMan": "N", "nihAuthMan": "N", "hasTMAccessionNumbers": "N", "dateOfCompletion": "2026-08-15", "dateOfCreation": "2026-08-15", "firstIndexDate": "2026-08-16", "dateOfRevision": "2026-08-15", "electronicPublicationDate": "2026-08-15", "firstPublicationDate": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "41888231", "source": "MED", "pmid": "41888231", "pmcid": "PMC13031512", "fullTextIdList": { "fullTextId": [ "PMC13031512" ] }, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40825-8", "title": "Smart control of soil temperature to optimize root-zone conditions for enhancing the physiological performance, growth, and productivity of greenhouse-grown cucumber.", "authorString": "Refaie KM, Saad SAH, Hussein NS.", "authorList": { "author": [ { "fullName": "Refaie KM", "firstName": "K M", "lastName": "Refaie", "initials": "KM", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-4104-9922" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. Khaled_refaie@yahoo.com." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Saad SAH", "firstName": "Shereen A H", "lastName": "Saad", "initials": "SAH", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0009-0004-6214-0815" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Physics and Chemistry Department, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Hussein NS", "firstName": "Nermin S", "lastName": "Hussein", "initials": "NS", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt." } ] } } ] }, "authorIdList": { "authorId": [ { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-4104-9922" }, { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0009-0004-6214-0815" } ] }, "dataLinksTagsList": { "dataLinkstag": [ "supporting_data" ] }, "journalInfo": { "issue": "1", "volume": "16", "journalIssueId": 4136188, "dateOfPublication": "2026 Mar", "monthOfPublication": 3, "yearOfPublication": 2026, "printPublicationDate": "2026-03-01", "journal": { "title": "Scientific reports", "medlineAbbreviation": "Sci Rep", "isoabbreviation": "Sci Rep", "issn": "2045-2322", "nlmid": "101563288", "essn": "2045-2322" } }, "pubYear": "2026", "pageInfo": "10351", "abstractText": "Determining the optimal soil temperature in the active root zone to meet the requirements of different plant growth stages is crucial. Controlled greenhouse producers attempt to heat soil sectors in various ways without determining an appropriate or reliable soil temperature. A suitable smart method can be used to adjust the temperature in the active root zone to determine the optimal temperature and improve crop growth and yield. Cucumber plants grown in a plastic greenhouse were subjected to five different soil temperature treatments (13 as a control, 16, 19, 22, and 25 °C) over two growing seasons using carbon fiber smart thermal cable connected to a metal thermostat. The thermal cable was installed 10 cm below the soil surface, extended 20 m apart on three branches per replicate, and then buried and compacted well into the soil. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum soil temperature by smart thermal system, to enhance photosynthesis rate, growth parameters, and yield of cucumber, as well as improving the availability of nutrients within active root zone, and to minimize vapor pressure deficit. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replicates. The smart soil heating system was a feasible economic option, with a benefit–cost ratio of 1.75% versus 1.1% for the traditional system, resulting in improved cucumber yield and quality, while saving approximately 30% of energy. Plant photosynthesis was positively correlated with total yield but negatively correlated with vapor pressure deficit, suggesting that the initial or mid-season increases in cucumber yield were partly due to the increased soil temperature at 22 °C. In conclusion, plants grown at 19 or 22 °C had significantly similar yields of 3.37 ± 0.09 and 3.71 ± 0.14 kg plant−1, respectively, and most of these plants had higher yields than plants grown at 16 °C, with a yield of 2.33 ± 0.03 kg plant−1. We suggest that a soil temperature of 22 °C is ideal for cucumber growers in the initial or mid-season, but at the end of the season the plant may not be affected, so a soil temperature of 19 °C can be used to save energy. Also, the possibility of presenting this intelligent system as an alternative the traditional one.", "affiliation": "Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. Khaled_refaie@yahoo.com.", "publicationStatus": "epublish", "language": "eng", "pubModel": "Electronic", "pubTypeList": { "pubType": [ "research-article", "Journal Article" ] }, "meshHeadingList": { "meshHeading": [ { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Cucumis sativus", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "GD", "qualifierName": "growth & development", "majorTopic_YN": "N" }, { "abbreviation": "PH", "qualifierName": "physiology", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Plant Roots", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "GD", "qualifierName": "growth & development", "majorTopic_YN": "N" }, { "abbreviation": "PH", "qualifierName": "physiology", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Soil", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "CH", "qualifierName": "chemistry", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Temperature" }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Photosynthesis" } ] }, "keywordList": { "keyword": [ "Yield", "Cucumis sativus", "Vapor pressure deficit", "Soil temperature", "Plant photosynthesis", "Cucumber Growth", "Smart Management Techniques" ] }, "chemicalList": { "chemical": [ { "name": "Soil", "registryNumber": "0" } ] }, "subsetList": { "subset": [ { "code": "IM", "name": "Index Medicus" } ] }, "fullTextUrlList": { "fullTextUrl": [ { "availability": "Subscription required", "availabilityCode": "S", "documentStyle": "doi", "site": "DOI", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40825-8" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "html", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13031512" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "pdf", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13031512?pdf=render" } ] }, "isOpenAccess": "Y", "inEPMC": "Y", "inPMC": "Y", "hasPDF": "Y", "hasBook": "N", "hasSuppl": "N", "citedByCount": 0, "hasData": "Y", "hasReferences": "Y", "hasTextMinedTerms": "Y", "hasDbCrossReferences": "N", "hasLabsLinks": "N", "license": "cc by", "hasEvaluations": "N", "authMan": "N", "epmcAuthMan": "N", "nihAuthMan": "N", "hasTMAccessionNumbers": "Y", "tmAccessionTypeList": { "accessionType": [ "doi" ] }, "dateOfCompletion": "2026-06-28", "dateOfCreation": "2026-03-27", "firstIndexDate": "2026-03-27", "fullTextReceivedDate": "2026-03-29", "dateOfRevision": "2026-08-13", "electronicPublicationDate": "2026-03-26", "firstPublicationDate": "2026-03-26" }, { "id": "41942502", "source": "MED", "pmid": "41942502", "pmcid": "PMC13062000", "fullTextIdList": { "fullTextId": [ "PMC13062000" ] }, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-43088-5", "title": "Comparative environmental and economic assessment of greenhouse cucumber and opuntia ficus-indica cultivation in arid regions.", "authorString": "Abyar H, Pakzad-Toochaei S, Einollahipeer F.", "authorList": { "author": [ { "fullName": "Abyar H", "firstName": "Hajar", "lastName": "Abyar", "initials": "H", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, 49189-43464, Iran. hajar.abyar@gau.ac.ir." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Pakzad-Toochaei S", "firstName": "Sahel", "lastName": "Pakzad-Toochaei", "initials": "S", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Department of Natural Ecosystems, Hamoun International Wetland Research Institute, Research Institute of Zabol, Zabol, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran. s.pakzad@uoz.ac.ir." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Einollahipeer F", "firstName": "Fatemeh", "lastName": "Einollahipeer", "initials": "F", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran." } ] } } ] }, "dataLinksTagsList": { "dataLinkstag": [ "supporting_data" ] }, "journalInfo": { "issue": "1", "volume": "16", "journalIssueId": 4168316, "dateOfPublication": "2026 Apr", "monthOfPublication": 4, "yearOfPublication": 2026, "printPublicationDate": "2026-04-01", "journal": { "title": "Scientific reports", "medlineAbbreviation": "Sci Rep", "isoabbreviation": "Sci Rep", "issn": "2045-2322", "nlmid": "101563288", "essn": "2045-2322" } }, "pubYear": "2026", "pageInfo": "11736", "abstractText": "Climate change and the ongoing water crisis necessitate the adoption of efficient agricultural production systems that are adapted to arid and semi-arid regions. Insisting on cultivating water-intensive products, especially cucumber, in areas facing severe water shortages has led to environmental and ecological challenges. Therefore, moving towards water-resistant species and encouraging and informing farmers are imperative to fulfill the sustainable agriculture goals. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the environmental and economic burdens of cucumber compared to Opuntia ficus-indica cultivation, a drought-tolerant plant, in an arid region of eastern Iran. The life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed on a functional unit of one ton of product, encompassing every stage from greenhouse construction through to harvest. The cost analysis was also carried out over a 25-year cultivation horizon. The results indicated that cucumber cultivation had 1.8 to 8.3 times higher environmental impacts across nearly all impact categories due to intensive operational inputs. Cucumber showed 4.5 times higher CO₂ emissions (2443 kg CO2 eq) and over 8 times more water demand (95.42 m3) than O. ficus-indica. For the cucumber, the operational phase was dominated by diesel and electricity consumption, which influenced global warming (90.8%), ozone formation (88.5%), and ecotoxicity potential (59-78%). Both crops showed significant impacts during the greenhouse construction phase (> 95% contribution), linked mainly to materials such as concrete and cables. The integrated analysis confirmed that the cultivation of O. ficus-indica reduced total environmental impacts by 75% compared to cucumber. Although the economic analysis highlighted a higher internal rate of return (21.49%) and a shorter payback period (6.44 years) for cucumber, its cultivation was not economically justifiable due to the nearly 10 times higher water and fuel consumption. This study suggests O. ficus-indica cultivation as a sustainable low-input alternative with a more balanced footprint in water-scarce and climate-sensitive regions.", "affiliation": "Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, 49189-43464, Iran. hajar.abyar@gau.ac.ir.", "publicationStatus": "epublish", "language": "eng", "pubModel": "Electronic", "pubTypeList": { "pubType": [ "Comparative Study", "research-article", "Journal Article" ] }, "grantsList": { "grant": [ { "grantId": "4038275", "agency": "Iran National Science Foundation", "orderIn": 0 } ] }, "meshHeadingList": { "meshHeading": [ { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Opuntia", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "GD", "qualifierName": "growth & development", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Cucumis sativus", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "GD", "qualifierName": "growth & development", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Environment" }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Desert Climate" }, { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Agriculture", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "EC", "qualifierName": "economics", "majorTopic_YN": "N" }, { "abbreviation": "MT", "qualifierName": "methods", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Iran" }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Climate Change" } ] }, "keywordList": { "keyword": [ "Global warming", "Greenhouse cultivation", "Life Cycle Assessment", "Life Cycle Cost", "Opuntia Cactus" ] }, "subsetList": { "subset": [ { "code": "IM", "name": "Index Medicus" } ] }, "fullTextUrlList": { "fullTextUrl": [ { "availability": "Subscription required", "availabilityCode": "S", "documentStyle": "doi", "site": "DOI", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-43088-5" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "html", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13062000" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "pdf", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13062000?pdf=render" } ] }, "isOpenAccess": "Y", "inEPMC": "Y", "inPMC": "Y", "hasPDF": "Y", "hasBook": "N", "hasSuppl": "N", "citedByCount": 0, "hasData": "Y", "hasReferences": "Y", "hasTextMinedTerms": "Y", "hasDbCrossReferences": "N", "hasLabsLinks": "N", "license": "cc by-nc-nd", "hasEvaluations": "N", "authMan": "N", "epmcAuthMan": "N", "nihAuthMan": "N", "hasTMAccessionNumbers": "Y", "tmAccessionTypeList": { "accessionType": [ "doi" ] }, "dateOfCompletion": "2026-07-14", "dateOfCreation": "2026-04-06", "firstIndexDate": "2026-04-07", "fullTextReceivedDate": "2026-04-10", "dateOfRevision": "2026-08-13", "electronicPublicationDate": "2026-04-06", "firstPublicationDate": "2026-04-06" }, { "id": "41530237", "source": "MED", "pmid": "41530237", "pmcid": "PMC12868626", "fullTextIdList": { "fullTextId": [ "PMC12868626" ] }, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-34858-8", "title": "Effect of weight-based fertigation on physiology, gas exchange and yield of soilless cucumber and capsicum.", "authorString": "Randhe RD, Hasan M, Singh DK, Naresh Kumar S, Kumar P, Alam W, Pandey R, Kumar M, Waghaye AM.", "authorList": { "author": [ { "fullName": "Randhe RD", "firstName": "Ravindra D", "lastName": "Randhe", "initials": "RD", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India. ravindrardr@gmail.com." }, { "affiliation": "ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, 462038, Madhya Pradesh, India. ravindrardr@gmail.com." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Hasan M", "firstName": "Murtaza", "lastName": "Hasan", "initials": "M", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Singh DK", "firstName": "D K", "lastName": "Singh", "initials": "DK", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Naresh Kumar S", "firstName": "S", "lastName": "Naresh Kumar", "initials": "S", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Kumar P", "firstName": "Pramod", "lastName": "Kumar", "initials": "P", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Alam W", "firstName": "Wasi", "lastName": "Alam", "initials": "W", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Pandey R", "firstName": "Rakesh", "lastName": "Pandey", "initials": "R", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Kumar M", "firstName": "Mukesh", "lastName": "Kumar", "initials": "M", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, 462038, Madhya Pradesh, India." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Waghaye AM", "firstName": "Abhishek M", "lastName": "Waghaye", "initials": "AM", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, 462038, Madhya Pradesh, India." } ] } } ] }, "dataLinksTagsList": { "dataLinkstag": [ "supporting_data" ] }, "journalInfo": { "issue": "1", "volume": "16", "journalIssueId": 4082835, "dateOfPublication": "2026 Jan", "monthOfPublication": 1, "yearOfPublication": 2026, "printPublicationDate": "2026-01-01", "journal": { "title": "Scientific reports", "medlineAbbreviation": "Sci Rep", "isoabbreviation": "Sci Rep", "issn": "2045-2322", "nlmid": "101563288", "essn": "2045-2322" } }, "pubYear": "2026", "pageInfo": "4692", "abstractText": "Effective fertigation management through automation is crucial for enhancing yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) under soilless cultivation. This study evaluated weight-based fertigation strategies for automated fertigation control in cucumber and capsicum crops grown in coco-peat grow bags under semi-controlled greenhouse conditions. Four fertigation strategies were investigated based on weight change criteria: T1- 100% nutrient solution (NS) replenished to compensate for 200 g weight loss due to crop evapotranspiration; T2, T3, and T4 received 10%, 20%, and 30% less NS than T1, respectively. Growth parameters (plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf weight ratio, relative and absolute growth rates), and gas exchange parameters (photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and water use efficiency) were analysed. Results showed that T1 fertigation strategy significantly enhanced crop growth, photosynthetic activity, and yield. The highest yields were recorded for cucumber (101.20 t ha⁻¹) and for colored capsicum (61.13 t ha⁻¹) in T1 treatment. Reduced nutrient solutions treatments led to decreased yields but increased IWUE. Thus, the findings suggested that applying a higher level of the nutrient solution against weight loss offers the most effective approach. This weight-based fertigation approach may be prioritised for automated fertigation application and controls in coco-peat grow bag cultivation.", "affiliation": "ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India. ravindrardr@gmail.com.", "publicationStatus": "epublish", "language": "eng", "pubModel": "Electronic", "pubTypeList": { "pubType": [ "research-article", "Journal Article" ] }, "meshHeadingList": { "meshHeading": [ { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Cucumis sativus", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "GD", "qualifierName": "growth & development", "majorTopic_YN": "N" }, { "abbreviation": "PH", "qualifierName": "physiology", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Capsicum", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "GD", "qualifierName": "growth & development", "majorTopic_YN": "N" }, { "abbreviation": "PH", "qualifierName": "physiology", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Plant Leaves", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "GD", "qualifierName": "growth & development", "majorTopic_YN": "N" }, { "abbreviation": "PH", "qualifierName": "physiology", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Water", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "ME", "qualifierName": "metabolism", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Photosynthesis" }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Plant Transpiration" }, { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Agricultural Irrigation", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "MT", "qualifierName": "methods", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } } ] }, "keywordList": { "keyword": [ "Cucumber", "Soilless cultivation", "Capsicum", "Coco-peat", "Fertigation Strategy", "Weight-based Fertigation" ] }, "chemicalList": { "chemical": [ { "name": "Water", "registryNumber": "059QF0KO0R" } ] }, "subsetList": { "subset": [ { "code": "IM", "name": "Index Medicus" } ] }, "fullTextUrlList": { "fullTextUrl": [ { "availability": "Subscription required", "availabilityCode": "S", "documentStyle": "doi", "site": "DOI", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-34858-8" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "html", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC12868626" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "pdf", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC12868626?pdf=render" } ] }, "isOpenAccess": "Y", "inEPMC": "Y", "inPMC": "Y", "hasPDF": "Y", "hasBook": "N", "hasSuppl": "N", "citedByCount": 0, "hasData": "Y", "hasReferences": "Y", "hasTextMinedTerms": "Y", "hasDbCrossReferences": "N", "hasLabsLinks": "N", "license": "cc by-nc-nd", "hasEvaluations": "N", "authMan": "N", "epmcAuthMan": "N", "nihAuthMan": "N", "hasTMAccessionNumbers": "Y", "tmAccessionTypeList": { "accessionType": [ "doi" ] }, "dateOfCompletion": "2026-06-26", "dateOfCreation": "2026-01-13", "firstIndexDate": "2026-01-14", "fullTextReceivedDate": "2026-02-14", "dateOfRevision": "2026-06-26", "electronicPublicationDate": "2026-01-14", "firstPublicationDate": "2026-01-14" }, { "id": "PPR1283913", "source": "PPR", "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-10255572/v1", "title": "Effects of Different NaCl-Based Salinity Levels in Irrigation Water on Screen House Cucumber (Daewy F1)", "authorString": "Alalade PB, Makinde AA.", "authorList": { "author": [ { "fullName": "Alalade PB", "firstName": "Peace Bobola", "lastName": "Alalade", "initials": "PB" }, { "fullName": "Makinde AA", "firstName": "Akeem Adekunle", "lastName": "Makinde", "initials": "AA" } ] }, "pubYear": "2026", "abstractText": "Abstract

The increasing scarcity of freshwater resources driven by climate change has compelled farmers in many parts of Nigeria to rely on alternative water sources such as groundwater and lower-course streams for dry-season irrigation. These sources frequently carry elevated salt concentrations that can suppress crop growth and reduce yield. This study evaluated the response of hybrid cucumber (Cucumis sativus L., variety Daewy F1) to five levels of irrigation water salinity under screen house conditions at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replicates. Treatments consisted of irrigation water prepared at electrical conductivity (EC) levels of 0.00 dS/m (T1, non-saline control), 1.50 dS/m (T2), 2.50 dS/m (T3), 3.50 dS/m (T4), and 5.00 dS/m (T5), using sodium chloride (NaCl) as the salt source. Data were collected on microclimatic conditions, growth parameters (soil temperature, vine length, leaf area, leaf length, leaf breadth, and number of leaves), and yield characteristics (number of fruits, fruit length, fruit weight, and fruit diameter). Results showed that all growth and yield parameters declined progressively with increasing salinity. T2 (1.50 dS/m) produced results comparable to T1 across all yield parameters, while T3 (2.50 dS/m) produced a more than 50% reduction in fruit number relative to T1. T5 (5.00 dS/m) resulted in complete plant death by Week 7 with zero yield recorded. It is concluded that Daewy F1 cucumber can tolerate irrigation water salinity of up to 1.50 dS/m without significant production loss, while 2.50 dS/m represents the practical threshold beyond which economically significant losses occur under screen house conditions in Abeokuta.

", "pubTypeList": { "pubType": [ "Preprint" ] }, "bookOrReportDetails": { "publisher": "Research Square", "yearOfPublication": 2026 }, "fullTextUrlList": { "fullTextUrl": [ { "availability": "Free", "availabilityCode": "F", "documentStyle": "doi", "site": "DOI", "url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10255572/v1" } ] }, "isOpenAccess": "N", "inEPMC": "N", "inPMC": "N", "hasPDF": "N", "hasBook": "N", "hasSuppl": "N", "citedByCount": 0, "hasData": "N", "hasReferences": "N", "hasTextMinedTerms": "N", "hasDbCrossReferences": "N", "hasLabsLinks": "N", "versionList": { "version": [ { "id": "PPR1283913", "source": "PPR", "firstPublishDate": "2026-07-23", "versionNumber": 1, "pubTypeList": { "pubType": [ "preprint" ] }, "hasEvaluations": "N" } ] }, "versionNumber": 1, "hasEvaluations": "N", "authMan": "N", "epmcAuthMan": "N", "nihAuthMan": "N", "hasTMAccessionNumbers": "N", "dateOfCreation": "2026-07-24", "firstIndexDate": "2026-07-24", "firstPublicationDate": "2026-07-23" }, { "id": "41680333", "source": "MED", "pmid": "41680333", "pmcid": "PMC12905214", "fullTextIdList": { "fullTextId": [ "PMC12905214" ] }, "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-37245-z", "title": "A novel low-tech lined bed cultivation enhances drought stress tolerance of cucumber in semi-arid conditions.", "authorString": "Abouelsaad IA.", "authorList": { "author": [ { "fullName": "Abouelsaad IA", "firstName": "Ibrahim A", "lastName": "Abouelsaad", "initials": "IA", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0009-0000-2107-2685" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22516, Egypt. ibrahim.abouelsaad@ksiu.edu.eg." }, { "affiliation": "Faculty of Desert Agriculture, King Salman International University, Ras Sedr, 46618, Egypt. ibrahim.abouelsaad@ksiu.edu.eg." } ] } } ] }, "authorIdList": { "authorId": [ { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0009-0000-2107-2685" } ] }, "dataLinksTagsList": { "dataLinkstag": [ "supporting_data" ] }, "journalInfo": { "issue": "1", "volume": "16", "journalIssueId": 4112047, "dateOfPublication": "2026 Feb", "monthOfPublication": 2, "yearOfPublication": 2026, "printPublicationDate": "2026-02-01", "journal": { "title": "Scientific reports", "medlineAbbreviation": "Sci Rep", "isoabbreviation": "Sci Rep", "issn": "2045-2322", "nlmid": "101563288", "essn": "2045-2322" } }, "pubYear": "2026", "pageInfo": "6355", "abstractText": "Water scarcity and nutrient leaching limit cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production in semi-arid sandy soils. This study evaluated a low-tech lined trench-bed system, incorporating polyethylene liners to reduce deep percolation and nutrient loss, under protected cultivation in Nubaria, Egypt (summer season). The study compared two cultivation systems (lined vs. non-lined beds) under two irrigation regimes (100% and 50% ETc; crop evapotranspiration). Lined beds significantly enhanced shoot and root biomass, vine height, leaf number, and leaf area under deficit irrigation, with values comparable to full irrigation, while non-lined beds showed sharp reductions. Foliar N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in lined beds at 50% ETc were statistically similar to 100% ETc, contrasting with 35–55% declines in non-lined beds. Physiologically, lined beds maintained chlorophyll content and leaf relative water content, while minimizing proline and malondialdehyde accumulation, indicating improved osmotic adjustment and membrane stability. Yield was sustained in lined beds under deficit irrigation (26.56 kg m⁻²; 14.4% reduction from 100% ETc) compared to sharp declines in non-lined beds (11.31 kg m⁻²; 63.6% reduction). The highest water use efficiency WUE (98.37 kg m⁻³) occurred in lined beds at 50% ETc, over double the equivalent non-lined treatment. The lined trench-bed effectively preserves growth, nutrient status, physiological integrity, and yield under drought, offering a scalable solution for water-limited horticulture.", "affiliation": "Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22516, Egypt. ibrahim.abouelsaad@ksiu.edu.eg.", "publicationStatus": "epublish", "language": "eng", "pubModel": "Electronic", "pubTypeList": { "pubType": [ "research-article", "Journal Article" ] }, "grantsList": { "grant": [ { "agency": "Damanhour University", "orderIn": 0 } ] }, "meshHeadingList": { "meshHeading": [ { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Cucumis sativus", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "GD", "qualifierName": "growth & development", "majorTopic_YN": "N" }, { "abbreviation": "PH", "qualifierName": "physiology", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Plant Leaves", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "GD", "qualifierName": "growth & development", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Water", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "ME", "qualifierName": "metabolism", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Chlorophyll", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "ME", "qualifierName": "metabolism", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Soil", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "CH", "qualifierName": "chemistry", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Biomass" }, { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Stress, Physiological" }, { "majorTopic_YN": "Y", "descriptorName": "Droughts" }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Agricultural Irrigation", "meshQualifierList": { "meshQualifier": [ { "abbreviation": "MT", "qualifierName": "methods", "majorTopic_YN": "N" } ] } }, { "majorTopic_YN": "N", "descriptorName": "Drought Resistance" } ] }, "keywordList": { "keyword": [ "Cucumber", "Water use efficiency", "Drought stress", "Water retention", "Physiological Stress" ] }, "chemicalList": { "chemical": [ { "name": "Chlorophyll", "registryNumber": "1406-65-1" }, { "name": "Soil", "registryNumber": "0" }, { "name": "Water", "registryNumber": "059QF0KO0R" } ] }, "subsetList": { "subset": [ { "code": "IM", "name": "Index Medicus" } ] }, "fullTextUrlList": { "fullTextUrl": [ { "availability": "Subscription required", "availabilityCode": "S", "documentStyle": "doi", "site": "DOI", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-37245-z" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "html", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC12905214" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "pdf", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC12905214?pdf=render" } ] }, "isOpenAccess": "Y", "inEPMC": "Y", "inPMC": "Y", "hasPDF": "Y", "hasBook": "N", "hasSuppl": "N", "citedByCount": 0, "hasData": "Y", "hasReferences": "Y", "hasTextMinedTerms": "Y", "hasDbCrossReferences": "N", "hasLabsLinks": "N", "license": "cc by", "hasEvaluations": "N", "authMan": "N", "epmcAuthMan": "N", "nihAuthMan": "N", "hasTMAccessionNumbers": "Y", "tmAccessionTypeList": { "accessionType": [ "doi" ] }, "dateOfCompletion": "2026-06-27", "dateOfCreation": "2026-02-12", "firstIndexDate": "2026-02-13", "fullTextReceivedDate": "2026-02-17", "dateOfRevision": "2026-06-27", "electronicPublicationDate": "2026-02-12", "firstPublicationDate": "2026-02-12" }, { "id": "41225940", "source": "MED", "pmid": "41225940", "pmcid": "PMC12608269", "fullTextIdList": { "fullTextId": [ "PMC12608269" ] }, "doi": "10.3390/plants14213390", "title": "Climate Change Impacts on Greenhouse Horticulture in the Mediterranean Basin: Challenges and Adaptation Strategies.", "authorString": "Fanourakis D, Tsaniklidis G, Makraki T, Nikoloudakis N, Bartzanas T, Sabatino L, Fatnassi H, Ntatsi G.", "authorList": { "author": [ { "fullName": "Fanourakis D", "firstName": "Dimitrios", "lastName": "Fanourakis", "initials": "D", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-6319-4223" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products, Landscape and Environment, Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71004 Heraklion, Greece." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Tsaniklidis G", "firstName": "Georgios", "lastName": "Tsaniklidis", "initials": "G", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-8469-135X" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants and Viticulture, Hellenic Agricultural Organization 'ELGO-Dimitra', Kastorias 32A, 71307 Heraklion, Greece." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Makraki T", "firstName": "Theodora", "lastName": "Makraki", "initials": "T", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0009-0006-2321-3414" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products, Landscape and Environment, Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71004 Heraklion, Greece." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Nikoloudakis N", "firstName": "Nikolaos", "lastName": "Nikoloudakis", "initials": "N", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-3935-8443" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Department of Agricultural Science, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, Cyprus." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Bartzanas T", "firstName": "Thomas", "lastName": "Bartzanas", "initials": "T", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-5962-9909" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Farm Structures Lab, Department of Natural Resources and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Sabatino L", "firstName": "Leo", "lastName": "Sabatino", "initials": "L", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0001-8992-7045" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Fatnassi H", "firstName": "Hicham", "lastName": "Fatnassi", "initials": "H", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "INRAE, UR 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, 84000 Avignon, France." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Ntatsi G", "firstName": "Georgia", "lastName": "Ntatsi", "initials": "G", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-9045-668X" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece." } ] } } ] }, "authorIdList": { "authorId": [ { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0001-8992-7045" }, { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-3935-8443" }, { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-5962-9909" }, { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-6319-4223" }, { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-8469-135X" }, { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-9045-668X" }, { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0009-0006-2321-3414" } ] }, "dataLinksTagsList": { "dataLinkstag": [ "supporting_data" ] }, "journalInfo": { "issue": "21", "volume": "14", "journalIssueId": 4048094, "dateOfPublication": "2025 Nov", "monthOfPublication": 11, "yearOfPublication": 2025, "printPublicationDate": "2025-11-01", "journal": { "title": "Plants (Basel, Switzerland)", "medlineAbbreviation": "Plants (Basel)", "isoabbreviation": "Plants (Basel)", "issn": "2223-7747", "nlmid": "101596181", "essn": "2223-7747" } }, "pubYear": "2025", "pageInfo": "3390", "abstractText": "Greenhouse horticulture is a cornerstone of year-round vegetable production. However, escalating climate change is intensifying abiotic stressors (i.e., elevated temperatures, increased vapor pressure deficits, water shortage, and modified solar radiation), threatening both crop productivity and postharvest performance. This review synthesizes current knowledge on how these climatic shifts impact greenhouse microclimate, pest and disease patterns, energy and water requirements, as well as crop development in the Mediterranean region. This study focuses on three major crops (tomato, cucumber, and sweet pepper), which prevail in the regional protected cultivation sector. Among the climate-induced stressors examined, elevated temperature emerges as the primary environmental constraint on greenhouse productivity. In reality, however, a combination of climate-induced stressors is at play, acting simultaneously and often synergistically. Among crops, cucumber generally displays the highest sensitivity to climate-induced shifts, whereas sweet pepper tends to be the most resilient. Next, adaptive strategies are explored, including precision irrigation, structural retrofitting measures, renewable energy integration, Decision Support Systems, and climate-resilient cultivars. Regional case studies revealed diverse country-specific counteractive innovations. As key elements of inclusive climate adaptation, supportive policy frameworks and a practical agenda of targeted research priorities are outlined. In conclusion, the sustainability of greenhouse horticulture under a changing climate demands integrated, technology-driven, and region-focused approaches.", "affiliation": "Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products, Landscape and Environment, Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71004 Heraklion, Greece.", "publicationStatus": "epublish", "language": "eng", "pubModel": "Electronic", "pubTypeList": { "pubType": [ "review-article", "Review", "Journal Article" ] }, "keywordList": { "keyword": [ "Tomato", "Cucumber", "Sweet pepper", "Climate Change Adaptation", "Crop Resilience", "Mediterranean Zone", "Greenhouse Horticulture" ] }, "fullTextUrlList": { "fullTextUrl": [ { "availability": "Subscription required", "availabilityCode": "S", "documentStyle": "doi", "site": "DOI", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14213390" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "html", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC12608269" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "pdf", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC12608269?pdf=render" } ] }, "isOpenAccess": "Y", "inEPMC": "Y", "inPMC": "Y", "hasPDF": "Y", "hasBook": "N", "hasSuppl": "Y", "citedByCount": 2, "hasData": "Y", "hasReferences": "Y", "hasTextMinedTerms": "Y", "hasDbCrossReferences": "N", "hasLabsLinks": "Y", "license": "cc by", "hasEvaluations": "N", "authMan": "N", "epmcAuthMan": "N", "nihAuthMan": "N", "hasTMAccessionNumbers": "N", "dateOfCompletion": "2025-11-13", "dateOfCreation": "2025-11-13", "firstIndexDate": "2025-11-14", "fullTextReceivedDate": "2025-11-15", "dateOfRevision": "2025-11-15", "electronicPublicationDate": "2025-11-05", "firstPublicationDate": "2025-11-05" }, { "id": "42339392", "source": "MED", "pmid": "42339392", "pmcid": "PMC13284756", "fullTextIdList": { "fullTextId": [ "PMC13284756" ] }, "doi": "10.3389/fpls.2026.1796736", "title": "Assessing the effect of deficit irrigation and biochar application on soil water depletion, root distribution, and water productivity of cucumber in semi-arid West Texas.", "authorString": "Kafle A, Singh S, Singh M, Bajwa P, Deb S, Simpson C, Ritchie G.", "authorList": { "author": [ { "fullName": "Kafle A", "firstName": "Arjun", "lastName": "Kafle", "initials": "A", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Singh S", "firstName": "Sukhbir", "lastName": "Singh", "initials": "S", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Singh M", "firstName": "Manpreet", "lastName": "Singh", "initials": "M", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Parlier, CA, United States." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Bajwa P", "firstName": "Preetaman", "lastName": "Bajwa", "initials": "P", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Deb S", "firstName": "Sanjit", "lastName": "Deb", "initials": "S", "authorId": { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-6896-0636" }, "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Simpson C", "firstName": "Catherine", "lastName": "Simpson", "initials": "C", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States." } ] } }, { "fullName": "Ritchie G", "firstName": "Glen", "lastName": "Ritchie", "initials": "G", "authorAffiliationDetailsList": { "authorAffiliation": [ { "affiliation": "Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States." } ] } } ] }, "authorIdList": { "authorId": [ { "type": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-6896-0636" } ] }, "dataLinksTagsList": { "dataLinkstag": [ "supporting_data" ] }, "journalInfo": { "volume": "17", "journalIssueId": 4112080, "dateOfPublication": "2026 ", "monthOfPublication": 0, "yearOfPublication": 2026, "printPublicationDate": "2026-01-01", "journal": { "title": "Frontiers in plant science", "medlineAbbreviation": "Front Plant Sci", "isoabbreviation": "Front Plant Sci", "issn": "1664-462X", "nlmid": "101568200", "essn": "1664-462X" } }, "pubYear": "2026", "pageInfo": "1796736", "abstractText": "Understanding crop root growth and distribution and soil water depletion under water deficit conditions is critical for developing sustainable production practices for cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in semi-arid regions like West Texas. Therefore, this study's main objective was to investigate the effect of deficit irrigation (DI) and biochar application on soil water depletion, root growth and distribution, and water productivity (WP) of cucumber. A two-year field study was conducted at Quaker Research Farm, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX. A split-plot design was used to randomize four irrigation levels I1 [100% crop evapotranspiration (ETc) throughout the growing season], I2 [80% ETc during early growth (crop establishment to mid-season), 60% ETc during late growth (mid-season to maturity)], I3 (60% ETc during early growth, 80% ETc during late growth), I4 (40% ETc throughout the growing season) and three biochar rates (0, 15, and 20 t/ha) in main-plots and sub-plots, respectively. Results showed a decrease in root length density (RLD) and root surface area density (RSAD) under DI treatments compared to control (I1). RLD was reduced by 24, 4, and 29%, whereas RSAD decreased by 24, 31, and 44% in I2, I3, and I4, respectively, compared to I1. There was greater soil water depletion under the severe DI treatment (I4) without enhanced root plasticity, with some occasional water storage in mild-DI treatments (I2 and I3). The crop water use decreased significantly by 17% in I2, with the least yield penalty of 14% compared to I1. The I2 was the most water productive treatment compared to other DI treatments. Although biochar showed some positive effects on RSAD, it had marginal effects on soil water depletion and water productivity. This study suggests DI strategy optimized soil water depletion by regulating root adaptations or compensatory responses to DI-induced mild to moderate water stress during the growing season, while improving WP for successful cucumber production. It is recommended to test biochar over a longer period (> 2 years) or at higher application rates to better understand its influence on cucumber production and WP in West Texas region.", "affiliation": "Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States.", "publicationStatus": "epublish", "language": "eng", "pubModel": "Electronic-eCollection", "pubTypeList": { "pubType": [ "research-article", "Journal Article" ] }, "keywordList": { "keyword": [ "Crop evapotranspiration", "Soil amendment", "Root Plasticity", "Soil Water Extraction", "Irrigation Strategy" ] }, "fullTextUrlList": { "fullTextUrl": [ { "availability": "Subscription required", "availabilityCode": "S", "documentStyle": "doi", "site": "DOI", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1796736" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "html", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13284756" }, { "availability": "Open access", "availabilityCode": "OA", "documentStyle": "pdf", "site": "Europe_PMC", "url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13284756?pdf=render" } ] }, "isOpenAccess": "Y", "inEPMC": "Y", "inPMC": "Y", "hasPDF": "Y", "hasBook": "N", "hasSuppl": "Y", "citedByCount": 0, "hasData": "Y", "hasReferences": "Y", "hasTextMinedTerms": "Y", "hasDbCrossReferences": "N", "hasLabsLinks": "N", "license": "cc by", "hasEvaluations": "N", "authMan": "N", "epmcAuthMan": "N", "nihAuthMan": "N", "hasTMAccessionNumbers": "Y", "tmAccessionTypeList": { "accessionType": [ "doi" ] }, "dateOfCompletion": "2026-06-24", "dateOfCreation": "2026-06-24", "firstIndexDate": "2026-06-24", "fullTextReceivedDate": "2026-06-26", "dateOfRevision": "2026-08-13", "electronicPublicationDate": "2026-06-08", "firstPublicationDate": "2026-06-08" } ] } } }